新乡市第四纪地层划分与沉积环境研究
发布时间：2018-08-28 11:07
【摘要】：研究区新乡市地处中原腹地、黄河中下游北侧,西邻太行山山前断裂带,东接中国东部平原地区,整体位于汤阴地堑西南端。地貌上位于我国地势第二、三阶梯的过渡位置,即西部山地与东部平原之间的过渡带。特殊的地理位置决定了其地质环境的特殊性,新乡地区第四纪沉沉积地貌同时受到新构造活动与黄河发展的影响。因此,合理划分其地层单元,恢复新乡地区第四纪沉积环境,正确认识其地质发展史对本区现代的城市规划建设、防灾减灾以及相关的经济建设活动有重要意义。本文依托于新乡市城市活动断层探测项目,以沉积学、年代地层学、岩石地层学为指导,根据野外钻孔岩性和测年数据等资料,对新乡市第四纪地层划分进行厘定,并进行沉积相分析,讨论影响研究区第四纪沉积过程的因素。主要得到以下结论:1、结合岩性、测年数据、孢粉组合与前人研究成果,将新乡地区第四纪地层划分为:全新统濮阳组(Qhp)、更新统上部会兴镇组(Qp3h)、更新统中部陕县组(Qp2s)、更新统下部三门峡组(Qp1s)(北部地区缺失)。2、通过对代表性钻孔的研究,结合粒度分析等,识别出新乡地区更新世早期以来的地层包含冲洪积相、河流相和三角洲相,其中,河流相为本区域主要沉积相。新乡市第四纪总体上位于太行山脉东南侧,黄河北侧,受其影响,沉积过程明显由北至南,第四纪地层依次加厚,到新乡市南西方向沉积物砂层明显厚,粒度上粗,明显属于偏河道的沉积体系,反应南西部沉积环境更接近黄河河道体系。3、研究区沉积古地理的演化反应了黄河冲积扇扇体不断向东部扩展,以及由于地势的变化,黄河河道由北向南的迁移情况。4、通过本区南北向联合钻孔的对比,发现第四纪晚期地层分布基本稳定,沉积相带对比良好;而第四纪早期的地层稳定性较差,主要反映局部地区地层有陡变或突变特征,方向上为从南向北的东西向相带,并且在第四纪早期的三角洲沉积与河流相沉积之间存在沉积间断,综合分析,这种现象与第四纪早期汤东断裂的活动有关。
[Abstract]:Xinxiang City is located in the hinterland of the Central Plains, north of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, near the Taihang Mountain Foreland Fault Zone in the west, and in the east of China's East Plain area, and the whole is located at the southwest end of the Tangyin graben. The geomorphology is located in the transitional position of the second and third steps of the terrain in China, that is, the transitional zone between the western mountainous area and the eastern plain. The special geographical location determines the particularity of its geological environment, and the Quaternary sedimentary landforms in Xinxiang area are simultaneously affected by neotectonic activities and the development of the Yellow River. Therefore, it is of great significance for modern urban planning and construction, disaster prevention and mitigation and related economic construction activities to reasonably divide its stratigraphic units, restore Quaternary sedimentary environment in Xinxiang area, and correctly understand its geological development history. Based on the active fault detection project of Xinxiang city and guided by sedimentology, chronostratigraphy and lithostratigraphy, the classification of Quaternary strata in Xinxiang city is determined according to the data of drilling lithology and dating data in the field. The sedimentary facies were analyzed and the factors influencing the Quaternary sedimentary process in the study area were discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. Combined with lithology, dating data, sporopollen assemblage and previous research results, The Quaternary strata of Xinxiang area are divided into: (Qhp), upper Huexingzhen formation (Qp3h), central Pleistocene Shaanxi county formation (Qp2s), lower Pleistocene Sanmenxia formation (missing in northern region). The strata in Xinxiang area since the early Pleistocene contain alluvial facies fluvial facies and delta facies among which fluvial facies are the main sedimentary facies in the region. The Quaternary period of Xinxiang City is generally located in the southeast of Taihang Mountains and the north side of the Yellow River. Under its influence, the sedimentary process is obviously from north to south, the Quaternary strata are thickened in turn, and to the southwest direction of Xinxiang City, the sediment sand layer is obviously thick and the grain size is coarse. The sedimentary environment in the western part of the region is closer to that of the Yellow River channel system. The evolution of sedimentary paleogeography in the study area reflects the continuous expansion of the alluvial fan body of the Yellow River to the east, as well as the variation of the topography. The migration of the Yellow River from north to south shows that the stratigraphic distribution of the late Quaternary is basically stable, the correlation of sedimentary facies is good, and the stratigraphic stability is poor in the early Quaternary. It mainly reflects the abrupt change or abrupt change of the strata in the local area, the direction of which is the east-west facies belt from the south to the north, and there are sedimentary discontinuity between the delta and fluvial facies in the early Quaternary, which is analyzed synthetically. This phenomenon is related to the activity of Tangdong fault in the early Quaternary.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P534.63
本文编号：2209214
[Abstract]:Xinxiang City is located in the hinterland of the Central Plains, north of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, near the Taihang Mountain Foreland Fault Zone in the west, and in the east of China's East Plain area, and the whole is located at the southwest end of the Tangyin graben. The geomorphology is located in the transitional position of the second and third steps of the terrain in China, that is, the transitional zone between the western mountainous area and the eastern plain. The special geographical location determines the particularity of its geological environment, and the Quaternary sedimentary landforms in Xinxiang area are simultaneously affected by neotectonic activities and the development of the Yellow River. Therefore, it is of great significance for modern urban planning and construction, disaster prevention and mitigation and related economic construction activities to reasonably divide its stratigraphic units, restore Quaternary sedimentary environment in Xinxiang area, and correctly understand its geological development history. Based on the active fault detection project of Xinxiang city and guided by sedimentology, chronostratigraphy and lithostratigraphy, the classification of Quaternary strata in Xinxiang city is determined according to the data of drilling lithology and dating data in the field. The sedimentary facies were analyzed and the factors influencing the Quaternary sedimentary process in the study area were discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. Combined with lithology, dating data, sporopollen assemblage and previous research results, The Quaternary strata of Xinxiang area are divided into: (Qhp), upper Huexingzhen formation (Qp3h), central Pleistocene Shaanxi county formation (Qp2s), lower Pleistocene Sanmenxia formation (missing in northern region). The strata in Xinxiang area since the early Pleistocene contain alluvial facies fluvial facies and delta facies among which fluvial facies are the main sedimentary facies in the region. The Quaternary period of Xinxiang City is generally located in the southeast of Taihang Mountains and the north side of the Yellow River. Under its influence, the sedimentary process is obviously from north to south, the Quaternary strata are thickened in turn, and to the southwest direction of Xinxiang City, the sediment sand layer is obviously thick and the grain size is coarse. The sedimentary environment in the western part of the region is closer to that of the Yellow River channel system. The evolution of sedimentary paleogeography in the study area reflects the continuous expansion of the alluvial fan body of the Yellow River to the east, as well as the variation of the topography. The migration of the Yellow River from north to south shows that the stratigraphic distribution of the late Quaternary is basically stable, the correlation of sedimentary facies is good, and the stratigraphic stability is poor in the early Quaternary. It mainly reflects the abrupt change or abrupt change of the strata in the local area, the direction of which is the east-west facies belt from the south to the north, and there are sedimentary discontinuity between the delta and fluvial facies in the early Quaternary, which is analyzed synthetically. This phenomenon is related to the activity of Tangdong fault in the early Quaternary.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P534.63
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相关期刊论文 前2条
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