长时间尺度的京津冀平原区地下水动态模拟及演变特征

发布时间：2018-10-08 13:17

【摘要】：地下水资源是京津冀平原的主要供水水源,自上世纪60年代以来,平原区地下水资源和地质环境显著地受到了人类活动和气候变化的影响,而地下水位动态是对人类和自然等影响的直接响应。针对于多因素作用下的平原区地下水位动态,文中基于水文地质条件分析和观测孔水位数据分析,综合利用数值模拟方法重现了平原区长时间尺度的不同空间尺度(全区、典型地段)下地下水位演变过程,揭示了平原区地下水水位动态机制。结果表明:近50年,全区平均地下水位持续下降,下降速率为0.36m/a;大面积浅层降落漏斗形成,石家庄漏斗中心水位下降速率最快,为1.1m/a;2001~2010年地下水平均补给速率(154.97mm/a)比1961~1970年减少6.2%,地下水更新能力明显减弱。地下水开采强度常年多于补给资源,导致了不同空间尺度上地下水位的下降,开采是影响地下水动态的主导因素,降水是限制地下水补给更新的主要因素。在气候变化和人类活动的双重影响下,平原区未来供水安全仍会面临挑战。
[Abstract]:Groundwater resources are the main sources of water supply in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei plain. Since the 1960s, groundwater resources and geological environment in plain areas have been significantly affected by human activities and climate change. The groundwater level dynamics is a direct response to human and natural effects. In view of the groundwater level dynamics in plain area under the action of many factors, based on hydrogeological condition analysis and observation hole water level data analysis, the different spatial scales of the long time scale of plain area (the whole area) are reappeared by using the numerical simulation method. The dynamic mechanism of groundwater level in plain area is revealed. The results show that the average groundwater level in the whole area has been decreasing continuously in the past 50 years, and the falling rate is 0.36 m / a, and a large area shallow drop funnel is formed, and the water level in the center of Shijiazhuang funnel is the fastest. The average groundwater recharge rate (154.97mm/a) from 2001 to 2010 decreased by 6.2 compared with that of 1961-1970, and the groundwater regeneration capacity was obviously weakened. The intensity of groundwater exploitation is more than that of recharge resources, which leads to the decrease of groundwater level on different spatial scales. Mining is the main factor that affects groundwater dynamics, and precipitation is the main factor restricting groundwater recharge renewal. Under the dual influence of climate change and human activities, the water supply security in the plain area will still face challenges in the future.
【作者单位】：中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所;中国地质调查局滨海湿地生物地质重点实验室;国土资源部海洋油气资源和环境地质重点实验室;北京市环境保护科学研究院;中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所;
【基金】：国家重点研究基础发展计划"973"项目(2010CB428801) 海洋基础性公益性地质调查项目(121201005000150004)资助
【分类号】：P641.8

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