川东TLP地区长兴组生物礁有利相带储层识别研究

发布时间：2018-10-17 17:28

【摘要】：生物礁属于一种特殊的碳酸盐岩构造,它是由各种抗浪耐冲击的、具有极强生命力的造礁生物组成的。在其生长过程中,造礁生物的演替和古地理环境的演化共同作用于生物礁,同时控制着生物礁的形态、结构、构造以及规模大小和分布范围。由于它的生长环境处于水动力较强的地方,因而其孔隙度、渗透率较好,具备很好的储集空间。生物礁是石油和天然气良好的储存场所,具有丰度大、产能高的特征,对于储藏油气资源具有得天独厚的优势。研究生物礁对于精确划分和对比地层,以及研究如何恢复古地理环境和旋回性事件等方面具有重要的地质意义。本文以四川盆地川东TLP地区的长兴组生物礁为研究对象,该生物礁气藏属碳酸盐岩岩性圈闭气藏。虽然它具有较好的孔隙度、渗透率,但是其储层的非均质性强,纵横向差异大,各向异性强,埋藏深度较大。从地球物理意义上分析,其地震的同相轴杂乱、不连续,地震资料的分辨率低,内部结构复杂,无法很好地进行层位追踪,因而多解性较强。针对生物礁储层识别的难点,本文参照地质、测井、地震资料,同时利用地震相、沉积相分析技术、属性分析技术、古地貌分析技术,进行多种储层预测处理方法试验,以此来划分生物礁边界,并进行生物礁有利相带分布预测,从而建立区内长兴组储层响应模式。在预测方法的实验效果基础上,利用亮点技术、道积分技术、速度反演预测上二叠统系长兴组储层的分布范围及厚度。最后采用频率属性分析方法进行储层流体识别的探索研究。研究表明,TLP区域中部、东部的台缘相储层为该区有效厚度最大的储层,其振幅属性特征为弱振幅或波谷,是生物礁最发育的区域。长兴组储层段为高速背景下的相对低速,有利储层段的速度区间为5200~6150m/s,时窗在飞底向下约50ms的范围内。通过对过Z5井的剖面进行频率属性分析,在含气层所对应的频率属性剖面中能量衰减值较大。储层段的测井响应特征为相对低速、低伽马、补偿中子偏高、密度相对低值、电阻率高值。通过井震结合的流体识别方法在该区域内的应用效果较明显。
[Abstract]:Reef is a kind of special carbonate rock structure, which is composed of a variety of rock-resistant reef organisms with strong vitality. In the process of growth, the succession of reef-making organisms and the evolution of paleogeographic environment act on the reefs and control the shape, structure, size and distribution of the reefs. Because of its strong hydrodynamic environment, it has good porosity and permeability and good reservoir space. Reef is a good storage place for oil and natural gas. It has the characteristics of high abundance and high production capacity, and has a unique advantage for oil and gas resources. The study of reefs is of great geological significance in the accurate division and correlation of strata, as well as in the restoration of paleogeographic environment and cyclic events. The reef of Changxing formation in TLP area of Sichuan Basin is studied in this paper. The reef gas reservoir is a carbonate lithologic trap gas reservoir. Although it has good porosity and permeability, its reservoir has strong heterogeneity, great vertical and horizontal differences, strong anisotropy and great burial depth. From the geophysical point of view, the seismic cophase axis is chaotic, discontinuous, the resolution of seismic data is low, the internal structure is complex, and the horizon tracing can not be done well, so the multi-solution is strong. In view of the difficulties in reservoir identification of reef, this paper uses seismic facies, sedimentary facies analysis technology, attribute analysis technology, paleogeomorphic analysis technology to test various reservoir prediction and processing methods, referring to geology, logging, seismic data, and using seismic facies, sedimentary facies analysis technology, attribute analysis technology, paleogeomorphic analysis technology, etc. The boundary of reef is divided and the distribution of favorable facies of reef is predicted, and the reservoir response model of Changxing formation in this area is established. Based on the experimental results of the prediction method, the distribution range and thickness of the upper Permian Changxing formation reservoir are predicted by using bright spot technique, trace integral technique and velocity inversion. Finally, the method of frequency attribute analysis is used to explore the reservoir fluid identification. The study shows that the platform facies reservoir in the middle and east of TLP region is the reservoir with the largest effective thickness, and its amplitude attribute is weak amplitude or trough, which is the most developed area of reef. The Changxing formation reservoir is relatively low velocity in the high speed background, the favorable reservoir velocity interval is 5200 ~ 6150 m / s, and the time window is within the range of 50ms from the bottom to the bottom. By analyzing the frequency attribute of the section passing through Z5 well, the energy attenuation value is larger in the frequency attribute profile corresponding to the gas bearing formation. The logging response of the reservoir section is characterized by relatively low velocity, low gamma, high compensation neutron, relatively low density and high resistivity. The application effect of fluid identification method combined with well-shock in this area is obvious.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P618.13

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