地下水数据可视化方法的研究

发布时间：2018-11-15 23:28

【摘要】：地下水埋藏在地表下的松散沉积地层中,具有水质好的特点,有着极佳的利用价值。根据地下水数据,可以有效了解地下水的变化规律,而地下水数据可视化是呈现地下水水文地质情况、反映监测参数变化情况的主要方法。我国地下水数据可视化尚处于发展阶段,总体上呈现出地下水建模方法落后、监测类数据可视化功能弱、无预警可视化功能的问题。针对以上问题,运用多种科学可视化技术研究了地下水数据可视化方法。首先,分析了地下水数据源,将该数据分为地质数据和监测数据两类。其次,根据地下水地质数据,分别利用三角网、改进的三角网和规则矩形网方法对三维地质层面进行建模,通过分析对比其建模结果,选取最适用于地下水数据的层面建模方法。进而根据地质数据分布稀疏的特点,提出了规则网格三棱柱体元构造方法,建立了地下水三维地质体模型。再次,根据地下水水位监测数据,构建了基于规则三角网的等水位线图,并且在地下水三维地质模型中生成三维等水位面,达到水位信息、三维地质模型一体化动态模拟与可视化显示的目标,从而实现了地下水实时水位监测可视化方法。最后,为了预防地下水资源过量开采,将图像边缘检测方法进行改进,结合水位数据的变化规律,提出了基于水位时序变化的局部极值查找算法。该算法通过构造水位时序变化曲面模型,并在其中搜索局部极值,确定水位变化异常的区域。然后结合实时水位监测可视化方法实现预警提示,从而达到地下水实时水位预警可视化的目的。本文以Visual Studio 2010和OpenGL为开发工具,实现了地下水数据可视化方法,并以陕西省榆林市定边县的地下水实际数据为例,验证了本文中所提数据可视化方法是可行、有效、实用的,为地下水可视化监测与安全管理提供了可靠的方法。
[Abstract]:Groundwater buried in the loose sedimentary strata below the surface has the characteristics of good water quality and excellent utilization value. According to the groundwater data, the variation law of groundwater can be effectively understood, and the visualization of groundwater data is the main method to show the hydrogeological situation of groundwater and reflect the change of monitoring parameters. The visualization of groundwater data in our country is still in the developing stage. Generally speaking, the modeling method of groundwater is backward, the visualization function of monitoring data is weak, and there is no visualization function of early warning. Aiming at the above problems, the methods of groundwater data visualization are studied by using various scientific visualization techniques. Firstly, the groundwater data source is analyzed, which is divided into geological data and monitoring data. Secondly, according to the geological data of groundwater, using triangle network, improved triangle network and regular rectangular network method to model the 3D geological layer, the modeling results are analyzed and compared. The layer modeling method which is most suitable for groundwater data is selected. Then according to the characteristics of sparse distribution of geological data, a method of constructing regular grid triangular-column element is proposed, and a three-dimensional geological body model of groundwater is established. Thirdly, according to the monitoring data of groundwater level, the isobaric map based on regular triangle network is constructed, and the three-dimensional isowater level surface is generated in the three-dimensional geological model of groundwater to reach the level information. The goal of dynamic simulation and visualization of 3D geological model is integrated to realize the visualization method of real-time groundwater level monitoring. Finally, in order to prevent over-exploitation of groundwater resources, the image edge detection method is improved, and the local extremum finding algorithm based on the temporal variation of water level is put forward in combination with the variation rule of water level data. By constructing a surface model of water level time series variation, and searching for local extremum, the algorithm determines the region of water level variation anomaly. Then the visualization method of real-time water level monitoring is used to realize early warning and prompt, so as to achieve the purpose of real-time groundwater level early warning visualization. Taking Visual Studio 2010 and OpenGL as development tools, this paper realizes the visualization method of groundwater data, and takes the actual groundwater data of Dingbian County, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province as an example, and verifies that the data visualization method proposed in this paper is feasible, effective and practical. It provides a reliable method for visual monitoring and safety management of groundwater.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P641.7;TP391.41

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