裂隆耦合控藏——碳酸盐岩台地内边缘礁滩大气田成藏模式

发布时间：2018-11-28 07:49

【摘要】：通过解剖四川盆地高石梯震旦系灯影组边缘礁滩大气藏、开江—梁平海槽两侧二叠系—三叠系边缘礁滩大气藏以及塔里木盆地塔中I号奥陶系边缘礁滩大气藏的形成与演化,分析碳酸盐岩台地内边缘礁滩大气藏的成藏主控因素,构建成藏模式,形成勘探思路。四川盆地、塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩台地内裂隆耦合发育形成的隆坳构造格局及其发展演化,不仅控制了烃源岩、礁滩体以及岩溶优质储层的空间展布,而且控制了生储盖的空间组合关系,最终决定了边缘礁滩体大气田的形成,即裂隆耦合控源、控相、控储、控藏。裂陷槽控制优质烃源岩的空间展布,从而形成生烃中心;槽隆接合部位的坡折带控制礁滩体的发育及空间展布,从而形成沿坡折带走向发育的带状礁滩优势相带;裂隆的沉降抬升演化可以导致多期多类型的岩溶作用,从而在边缘礁滩相带上叠加形成优质缝洞型岩溶储层。碳酸盐岩台地内边缘礁滩体大气藏的形成可以概括为裂隆耦合构造格局形成、裂隆耦合礁滩建造、裂隆耦合岩溶建储、裂隆耦合盖层建造、边缘礁滩体成油和边缘礁滩体成气调整改造等6个阶段。对于碳酸盐岩台地内边缘礁滩体大气藏,应采取"定槽(源)、选隆、探礁滩"的勘探思路。
[Abstract]:The formation and evolution of reef beach atmospheric reservoir on the edge of Dengying formation of Gaoshitian Sinian formation in Sichuan Basin, Permian-Triassic marginal reef beach atmosphere reservoir on both sides of Kaijiang-Liangping trough and reef beach atmospheric reservoir in Tazhong Ordovician margin of Tarim Basin are dissected. This paper analyzes the main factors of reservoir formation in the reef beach on the edge of carbonate platform, constructs the model of reservoir formation, and forms exploration ideas. In Sichuan Basin and Tarim Basin, the tectonic pattern and evolution of the uplift formed by the coupling of crack and uplift in carbonate platform not only controlled the spatial distribution of source rock, reef beach and karst high quality reservoir, but also developed in the carbonate platform of Sichuan Basin and Tarim Basin. Furthermore, the spatial combination of the source, reservoir and cap is controlled, which ultimately determines the formation of the large gas field in the marginal reef and beach body, that is, the coupling control source, phase control, reservoir control and reservoir control of the fracture and uplift. The rift trough controls the spatial distribution of high quality source rocks, thus forming the hydrocarbon generation center, and the slope break zone at the joint of the trough uplift controls the development and spatial distribution of the reef shoal body, thus forming the dominant facies belt of the banded reef beach along the slope break zone. The subsidence and uplift evolution of the fissure uplift can lead to multi-stage and multi-type karstification, thus superimposing on the marginal reef and beach facies to form high-quality fracture-cavernous karst reservoirs. The formation of large gas reservoirs in reef and beach bodies on the inner margin of carbonate platform can be summed up as the formation of fracture and uplift coupling structural pattern, the formation of fracture and uplift coupling reef beach, the construction of fracture and uplift coupling karst reservoir, and the formation of fracture and uplift coupling caprock. There are six stages of oil formation in marginal reef beach and gas forming adjustment and transformation in marginal reef beach body. For the atmospheric reservoir of reef and beach body on the edge of carbonate platform, the exploration idea of "setting channel (source), selecting uplift and exploring reef beach" should be adopted.
【作者单位】：中国石油大学(北京);中国石油勘探开发研究院;
【基金】：国家科技重大专项“岩性地层油气藏成藏规律、关键技术及目标评价”(2008ZX05001)
【分类号】：P618.13

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