盐城市地下水动态预测模拟的研究

发布时间：2018-12-17 17:08

【摘要】：盐城市市域面积约有1.7万km2,处于江苏省北部平原,区域内水系发达是江苏省非常重要的沿海城市。从新世纪以来的长年累月对区域内含水层的开采,已经使得研究区局部的地下水水位持续下降,造成了比较严峻的地下水降落漏斗并对当地的地质和生态环境造成了较大影响。盐城市地下水动态模拟,模拟期确定为2005年3月至次年3月一整年,利用所收集的这段时期的区域地下水位数据,结合钻孔数据,区域岩性分布等,初步得出研究区含水层各项参数,初始水位,边界条件等,如此先构建起三维的水文地质模型。该模型共有9层组成,包括有1层的潜水含水层和4层承压含水层,由于在每层之间存在有弱透水层,故又在每层之间增加了弱透水层,如此建立起一共9层的含水层组成的地下水系统。通过对比实测的2006年3月数据来对模拟的流场和实际的流场进行识别验证。经过调整后,满足与实际流场流向走势一致,且重要监测井处得出的水位与实际的数据间的误差在要求范围内。并且对整个系统计算其水平衡后,得出该区域基本符合水量平衡的要求:系统年接受补给的水量约有4.30×109m3,年均排泄的水量为4.48×109m3,大约全年的均衡差为-1.88×108m3,处于负均衡。文章根据盐城市发展计划、地下水开采规划和节水各项措施的现状以及发展,对研究区短期未来至2025年的地下水动态,给出了不同情况下的开采地下水的方案并逐一对运行模型进行模拟。结果表明当开采井分布大体不变的情况下,潜水的水位在第1种方案下主要降落漏斗水位上升至-1.03m;第2种方案下含水层形成了新的降落漏斗,主要降落漏斗水位下降至-1.5m;表明潜水含水层易受到开采量变化的影响。承压水含水层在方案1、2的情况下,总体流场趋势降落漏斗数量并未发生太大变化,变化主要集中于部分区域的降落漏斗中心水位发生不同幅度的上升或下降。
[Abstract]:About 17000 km2, of Yancheng City is located in the northern plain of Jiangsu Province, and the water system is a very important coastal city in Jiangsu Province. Since the beginning of the new century, the exploitation of the aquifer in the region for many years has caused the local groundwater level in the study area to continue to decline, resulting in a severe groundwater drop funnel and a great impact on the local geological and ecological environment. The dynamic simulation of groundwater in Yancheng city is determined as the whole year from March 2005 to March 2005.Using the regional groundwater level data collected during this period, combined with borehole data, regional lithologic distribution, etc. The parameters, initial water level and boundary conditions of the aquifer in the study area are preliminarily obtained, and a three-dimensional hydrogeological model is constructed. The model consists of nine layers, including a submersible aquifer with one layer and a confined aquifer with four layers. Due to the existence of a weak permeable layer between each layer, a weakly permeable layer is added between each layer. A system of groundwater consisting of nine aquifers is thus established. The simulated flow field and the actual flow field are identified and verified by comparing the measured data in March 2006. After adjustment, the trend of flow direction is consistent with the actual flow field, and the error between the water level obtained from the important monitoring well and the actual data is within the required range. After calculating the water balance of the whole system, it is concluded that the region basically meets the requirement of water balance: the annual recharge water volume of the system is about 4.30 脳 10 9 m3, the average annual discharge water volume is 4.48 脳 10 9 m 3, and the balance difference of the whole year is -1.88 脳 10 8 m 3. In a negative equilibrium. According to the development plan of Yancheng City, the present situation and development of groundwater exploitation planning and water-saving measures, the paper discusses the groundwater dynamics in the study area from the short term to 2025. The scheme of groundwater exploitation under different conditions is given and the operation model is simulated one by one. The results show that under the first scheme, the main drop funnel water level rises to -1.03m. Under the second scheme, a new landing funnel was formed, and the water level of the main drop funnel decreased to -1.5 m, indicating that the aquifer is vulnerable to the influence of the variation of the extraction rate. In the case of scheme 1 / 2, the number of falling funnel in the general flow field does not change much, and the change is mainly concentrated on the increase or decrease of the central water level in some regions.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P641.6

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