陕南早寒武世宽川铺组立方水母胚胎化石研究

发布时间：2019-01-06 09:08

【摘要】：刺胞动物门是一类原始的具有胚层分化的真后生动物,呈现固定的辐射对称身体构型。目前,绝大多数学者认为陕南宁强宽川铺生物群出产的丰富的磷酸盐化胚胎化石有很大一部分归属于刺胞动物门。虽然陕南宽川铺生物群刺胞动物胚胎化石产出数量大,但是由于其特异保存方式,使得绝大多数胚胎化石的内部结构被严重破坏,保存软躯体结构的化石极其稀少,其分类属性目前仍然处于争议之中。其中对于五辐射对称的刺胞动物胚胎化石的研究已经取得了巨大的进展,其中部分类型可能属于立方水母干群。为了更好的了解这些胚胎化石的内部结构特征以及分类位置,笔者利用西安交通大学和日本东北大学的Micro-CT (Computed Micro-tomography)对新挑选的刺胞动物胚胎化石进行精密的无损断层扫描,并通过VG Studio. MAX三维可视化软件将扫描数据重建并分析,并且幸运地筛选出了数枚内部结构保存相当完整的五辐射对称胚胎化石。将优选出来的五辐射对称水母胚胎化石重要内部结构经过染色处理,并进行生物形态学对比,发现了其独特的隔膜系统、成对着生于内伞外层的触手和保存完好的生殖腺膜,根据其保存精细的内部结构建立了一个新的属种Nympharum cornica gen. et. sp. nov.,其中从隔膜和生殖腺膜的发现,对于刺胞动物水母生殖器官的演化有一个良好的启示。
[Abstract]:Phylum Echinacea is a kind of primitive protometazoan with endosperm differentiation, which presents a fixed radiation-symmetric body configuration. At present, most scholars think that the abundant phosphate embryo fossils produced by the Guanqiangkanpu biota in southern Shaanxi belong to the phylum Echinacea. Although the number of embryo fossils in Guanchuan Pu biota in southern Shaanxi is large, the internal structure of most embryo fossils is seriously destroyed, and the fossils that preserve soft body structure are extremely rare because of their special preservation mode. Its classification attribute is still in dispute at present. Among them, great progress has been made in the study of penta-radiation-symmetric embryonic fossils of thorns, some of which may belong to the dry group of cubic jellyfish. In order to better understand the internal structural characteristics and taxonomic location of these fossils, Using Micro-CT (Computed Micro-tomography) of Xi'an Jiaotong University and Tohoku University of Japan, the authors carried out precise non-destructive tomography of the newly selected embryo fossils of thorns, and passed through VG Studio.. The MAX 3D visualization software reconstructed and analyzed the scanning data, and fortunately selected several five-radiation symmetrical embryo fossils with intact internal structure. The important internal structure of the selected five radiation symmetrical jellyfish embryo fossils was stained and compared with the biomorphology, and its unique membrane system was found, which was placed on the outer layer of the inner umbrella and perfectly preserved gonad membrane. A new genus and species Nympharum cornica gen. was established according to its fine internal structure. Et. Sp. The discovery of the diaphragm and the gonadal membrane in nov., has a good enlightenment for the evolution of the reproductive organs of jellyfish.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：Q915.2

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