黑河干流河流入渗规律及河水与地下水随机模拟研究

发布时间：2019-02-23 17:15

【摘要】：黑河流域是我国典型的西北内陆河流域,具有干旱—半干旱气候特征,流域水资源主要形成于山区、耗散于盆地,河水与地下水相互转换频繁、转换量大,出山河流量基本代表了流域的水资源量,山前河水入渗量成为盆地地下水资源的重要组成部分。在近几十年,由于盆地内灌区大量引河水灌溉以及水库蓄水工程建立,致使中游盆地河流的自然形态转变为自然-人为影响的二元复合形式,河流入渗规律变得更加复杂,盆地内部地下水资源变化情况也呈不明确状态。故,研究盆地内河流入渗规律以及河水与地下水作用过程和相关关系,对研究盆地地下水资源变化特征以及水资源开发利用具有重要的实用价值,对指导干旱—半干旱地区河水与地下水关系研究具有一定的理论意义。本文根据黑河干流入渗段水文-水文地质剖析,分析了河流入渗段水文地质特征及河流与地下水相关转化关系；通过G312黑河大桥处两个水文年的河水径流量实时监测,采用基流切割方法获得大桥以上河段的地下水溢出量及河水入渗-地下水溢出转换断面的地表径流量；利用河流全线闭口(无引水)期的河道径流过程和径流量,研究了河流入渗特征,确定了河流全线闭口期的河流入渗规律,以此计算了莺落峡-草滩庄、草滩庄-黑河大桥间的河水入渗量；采用随机模拟分析方法,研究了河流流量、河水入渗量与地下水水位之间的相关关系,建立了线性时不变系统理论模型,在模型识别的基础上,预测了地下水位监测孔2011年-2013年水位变化曲线。
[Abstract]:Heihe River Basin is a typical inland river basin in Northwest China, which has the characteristics of arid and semi-arid climate. Water resources are mainly formed in mountainous areas and dissipated in basins. The discharge of mountain river basically represents the amount of water resources in the basin, and the infiltration amount of river water in front of the mountain becomes an important part of the groundwater resources in the basin. In recent decades, due to a large amount of river diversion irrigation in the basin and the establishment of reservoir water storage project, the natural form of the river in the middle reaches of the basin has changed into a dual composite form of natural and human influence, and the infiltration law of the river has become more complicated. The variation of groundwater resources in the basin is also uncertain. Therefore, it is of great practical value to study the regularity of river infiltration, the process and correlation between river and groundwater in the basin, and to study the variation characteristics of groundwater resources and the exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources in the basin. It is of certain theoretical significance to guide the study of the relationship between river water and groundwater in arid-semi-arid areas. Based on the hydrological and hydrogeological analysis of the infiltration section of the main stream of Heihe River, the hydrogeological characteristics of the infiltration section of the river and the relationship between the river and the groundwater are analyzed in this paper. Through the real-time monitoring of river runoff in two hydrological years at the G312 Heihe River Bridge, the groundwater overflow and the surface runoff of the river water infiltration and groundwater overflow transfer section are obtained by the method of foundation flow cutting. Based on the runoff process and runoff of the whole river in the closed period (without diversion), the infiltration characteristics of the river are studied, and the infiltration law of the river in the closed period of the whole river line is determined, and the Yingluoxia Caotan Zhuang is calculated. The amount of water infiltration between Caotanzhuang-Heihe River Bridge; By using the stochastic simulation analysis method, the correlation between river discharge, river infiltration and groundwater level is studied, and a linear time-invariant system theoretical model is established. Based on the model identification, a linear time-invariant system model is established. The variation curve of groundwater level from 2011 to 2013 is predicted.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P641;P333

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