中小河流草皮护坡土的渗透特性研究
发布时间：2019-03-09 17:27
【摘要】：针对降水条件下中小河流草皮护坡的水分入渗问题，利用降雨动能试验系统，选取狗牙根作为护坡草，建立41cm×29.5cm的坡面径流小区，分别进行人工模拟降雨试验和双环入渗实验，，并对试验结果进行了理论分析。 1、人工模拟降雨试验：建立坡度30°、45°的草皮坡面和裸土坡面，草皮坡面选取狗牙根草皮，培育至生长高度5cm，进行不同降雨强度的入渗试验。试验表明：草皮覆盖护坡土的入渗速率明显高于裸土护坡土，径流量与入渗速率的比值低于裸土护坡土，因为草皮在一定程度上改变了土体的结构，根系周围土壤形成了大的团粒形状，团粒间的大空隙为渗流提供了畅通的流通通道，改善了护坡土的入渗特性；坡度较大的情况下径流量与入渗速率的比值较大，因为坡度较大时降雨在坡面上停留时间短，更容易在重力作用下沿坡面形成径流；降雨前期，降雨强度大小对于初始入渗时的径流量/入渗速率比值基本无影响，因为在坡面无集水的情况下，降雨完全转化为入渗，径流量为零，但是后期由于土体饱和，入渗速率为土壤饱和导水率，剩余的降雨完全转化为径流，径流量/入渗速率变大。 2、双环入渗试验：试验用来模拟持续降水，草皮护坡坡面集水的情况。试验表明：不同坡度的入渗速率没有太大变化；有草皮覆盖土的初始入渗率和稳定入渗速率都高于裸土护坡土体，而且在同样的时间内，累计入渗量前者都高于后者。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of water infiltration in the slope protection of small and medium-sized rivers under the condition of precipitation, a slope runoff plot of 41cm 脳 29.5cm was established by using the experiment system of rainfall kinetic energy and selecting Dogtooth root as the slope protection grass. Artificial simulated rainfall experiment and double-loop infiltration experiment were carried out respectively, and the experimental results were analyzed theoretically. 1. Artificial simulated rainfall experiment: the turf slope and bare soil slope with slope of 30 掳and 45 掳were established. The root turf was selected and cultivated to the height of 5 cm. The infiltration tests of different rainfall intensity were carried out. The results show that the infiltration rate of soil covered with turf is obviously higher than that of bare soil, and the ratio of runoff to infiltration rate is lower than that of bare soil, because the turf has changed the structure of soil to a certain extent. The soil around the root system has formed a large aggregate shape, and the large gap between the aggregates provides a smooth flow channel for seepage flow, and improves the infiltration characteristics of the slope-protecting soil. The ratio of runoff to infiltration rate is larger when the slope is large, because the rainfall stays on the slope surface for a short time when the slope is large, and it is easier to form runoff along the slope surface under the action of gravity. In the pre-rainfall period, the rainfall intensity has little effect on the ratio of runoff to infiltration rate during initial infiltration, because in the case of no catchment on the slope, rainfall completely transforms to infiltration, and the runoff is zero, but later due to the saturation of the soil, the rainfall intensity has no effect on the runoff / infiltration rate ratio at the initial infiltration stage. The infiltration rate is saturated water conductivity of soil, the remaining rainfall is completely transformed into runoff, and the runoff / infiltration rate increases. 2, double-loop infiltration test: the experiment was used to simulate the continuous precipitation, turf slope water collection. The results show that the infiltration rate of soil with different slope has not changed much, and the initial infiltration rate and stable infiltration rate of covered soil with turf are higher than that of bare soil, and the cumulative infiltration amount of the former is higher than that of the latter in the same time.
【学位授予单位】：南昌工程学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU43
本文编号：2437693
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of water infiltration in the slope protection of small and medium-sized rivers under the condition of precipitation, a slope runoff plot of 41cm 脳 29.5cm was established by using the experiment system of rainfall kinetic energy and selecting Dogtooth root as the slope protection grass. Artificial simulated rainfall experiment and double-loop infiltration experiment were carried out respectively, and the experimental results were analyzed theoretically. 1. Artificial simulated rainfall experiment: the turf slope and bare soil slope with slope of 30 掳and 45 掳were established. The root turf was selected and cultivated to the height of 5 cm. The infiltration tests of different rainfall intensity were carried out. The results show that the infiltration rate of soil covered with turf is obviously higher than that of bare soil, and the ratio of runoff to infiltration rate is lower than that of bare soil, because the turf has changed the structure of soil to a certain extent. The soil around the root system has formed a large aggregate shape, and the large gap between the aggregates provides a smooth flow channel for seepage flow, and improves the infiltration characteristics of the slope-protecting soil. The ratio of runoff to infiltration rate is larger when the slope is large, because the rainfall stays on the slope surface for a short time when the slope is large, and it is easier to form runoff along the slope surface under the action of gravity. In the pre-rainfall period, the rainfall intensity has little effect on the ratio of runoff to infiltration rate during initial infiltration, because in the case of no catchment on the slope, rainfall completely transforms to infiltration, and the runoff is zero, but later due to the saturation of the soil, the rainfall intensity has no effect on the runoff / infiltration rate ratio at the initial infiltration stage. The infiltration rate is saturated water conductivity of soil, the remaining rainfall is completely transformed into runoff, and the runoff / infiltration rate increases. 2, double-loop infiltration test: the experiment was used to simulate the continuous precipitation, turf slope water collection. The results show that the infiltration rate of soil with different slope has not changed much, and the initial infiltration rate and stable infiltration rate of covered soil with turf are higher than that of bare soil, and the cumulative infiltration amount of the former is higher than that of the latter in the same time.
【学位授予单位】：南昌工程学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU43
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 彭书生;王永波;盛谦;何庆华;;植被增加边坡降雨入渗对边坡稳定性影响研究[J];地下空间与工程学报;2007年S1期
2 满开言,林卓英;坡面植被对坡面径流和入渗的影响[J];地理研究;1989年04期
3 王健;吴发启;孟秦倩;张青峰;;不同利用类型土壤水分下渗特征试验研究[J];干旱地区农业研究;2006年06期
4 梁爱民;刘潇;;非饱和土渗透系数的试验研究[J];井冈山大学学报(自然科学版);2012年02期
5 房淑琴,代全厚;水土保持与植被[J];吉林水利;2001年07期
6 王卓琦;顾蔚文;施拥军;;边坡植被防护研究综述[J];山西建筑;2010年32期
7 李晓宏;高甲荣;张金瑞;;密云水库区不同植被覆盖下土壤水分入渗试验[J];林业科技;2010年02期
8 陈力,刘青泉,李家春;坡面降雨入渗产流规律的数值模拟研究[J];泥沙研究;2001年04期
9 刘贤赵,康绍忠,邵明安;黄土区坡地降雨入渗产流中的滞后机制及其模型研究[J];农业工程学报;1999年04期
10 宋孝玉,康绍忠,沈冰,史文娟,胡笑涛;黄土区不同下垫面农田降雨入渗及产流关系的数值模拟[J];农业工程学报;2005年01期
本文编号：2437693
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/diqiudizhi/2437693.html
