测斜仪设计与应用
发布时间：2019-05-22 08:43
【摘要】：随着我国现代化建设对大型工程的需求,国内钻探工程得到了迅速发展,作为观测井身、检测其内部位置和角度变化的专用仪器,钻孔测斜仪能够精确测量井口的倾斜角、方位角以及工具面角,广泛应用于斜井及定向井井身轨迹的测量。本设计采用新型传感器作为检测单元,利用单片机作为控制核心,保证了系统的精度以及工作的稳定性。本文通过分析对比国内外测斜技术,详细介绍了测斜系统的模型建立方法。根据模型坐标系的变换,得出了方位角、倾斜角以及工具面角的定义,针对三个不同的参数,给出了相应的计算公式推导过程。同时,阐述了加速度传感器和磁阻传感器的工作原理,为系统结构设计和参数选取提供了重要依据。测斜仪的设计主要包括硬件设计以及软件设计。通过对测斜原理以及传感器工作原理的分析,本文给出了测斜系统的总体设计目标和设计思路,清晰明确了系统所需要实现的检测功能、通信功能以及数据采集存储功能,并给出了详细的硬软件设计方案。硬件设计采用C8051F021作为井下系统的控制核心,利用SCA3060加速度传感器以及HMC1053磁阻传感器作为检测单元,通过TLC2543模数转换芯片完成磁阻传感器的信号采集。而加速度传感器为数字芯片,可以直接通过标准的四线制SPI接口与单片机进行通信并完成信号的采集存储。由于测斜系统的工作环境为深井之内,因此整个系统的通信,数据传输均是设计过程中的重点和难点。为了整个测试系统的操作方便性,本文采用蓝牙无线通信。由于蓝牙传输受到距离的限制,因此整个测斜仪的控制只能在测试前后进行,井下系统所采集的数据需通过大容量FLASH芯片进行存储,待测试结束后通过蓝牙完成数据传输。对于系统的电磁兼容问题本文也提出了相关的解决方案,提高了系统工作运行的可靠性。软件设计分为上位机和下位机两部分,均采用C语言作为编程语言。下位机部分针对不同模块进行程序设计,主要包括系统控制、数据采集、数据存储和系统通信。上位机部分主要为系统控制程序。
[Abstract]:With the demand for large-scale projects in the modernization construction of our country, the domestic drilling engineering has been developed rapidly. as a special instrument to observe the wellbore and detect its internal position and angle change, the drilling inclinometer can accurately measure the inclination angle of the wellhead. Azimuth angle and tool surface angle are widely used in the measurement of inclined well trajectory and directional well trajectory. In this design, a new sensor is used as the detection unit and the single chip microcomputer is used as the control core to ensure the accuracy and stability of the system. In this paper, the model establishment method of oblique measurement system is introduced in detail by analyzing and comparing the oblique measurement technology at home and abroad. According to the transformation of the model coordinate system, the definitions of azimuth angle, inclination angle and tool surface angle are obtained, and the corresponding calculation formula derivation process is given according to three different parameters. At the same time, the working principle of acceleration sensor and magnetoresistive sensor is described, which provides an important basis for the structure design and parameter selection of the system. The design of inclinometer mainly includes hardware design and software design. Through the analysis of the principle of oblique measurement and the working principle of the sensor, this paper gives the overall design goal and design idea of the oblique measurement system, and clearly defines the detection function, communication function and data acquisition and storage function of the system. The detailed hardware and software design scheme is given. In the hardware design, C8051F021 is used as the control core of the downhole system, SCA3060 acceleration sensor and HMC1053 magnetoresistive sensor are used as the detection unit, and the signal acquisition of the magnetoresistive sensor is completed by TLC2543 analog-to-digital conversion chip. The acceleration sensor is a digital chip, which can communicate with single chip microcomputer directly through the standard four-wire SPI interface and complete the signal acquisition and storage. Because the working environment of the deviation measurement system is in the deep well, the communication and data transmission of the whole system are the key and difficult points in the design process. In order to facilitate the operation of the whole test system, Bluetooth wireless communication is used in this paper. Because the Bluetooth transmission is limited by the distance, the control of the inclinometer can only be carried out before and after the test. The data collected by the downhole system need to be stored through a large capacity FLASH chip, and the data transmission can be completed by Bluetooth after the test is completed. This paper also puts forward some solutions to the electromagnetic compatibility of the system, which improves the reliability of the system. The software design is divided into two parts: upper computer and lower computer, both of which use C language as programming language. The lower computer program is designed for different modules, including system control, data acquisition, data storage and system communication. The upper computer part is mainly the system control program.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P634.7
本文编号：2482816
[Abstract]:With the demand for large-scale projects in the modernization construction of our country, the domestic drilling engineering has been developed rapidly. as a special instrument to observe the wellbore and detect its internal position and angle change, the drilling inclinometer can accurately measure the inclination angle of the wellhead. Azimuth angle and tool surface angle are widely used in the measurement of inclined well trajectory and directional well trajectory. In this design, a new sensor is used as the detection unit and the single chip microcomputer is used as the control core to ensure the accuracy and stability of the system. In this paper, the model establishment method of oblique measurement system is introduced in detail by analyzing and comparing the oblique measurement technology at home and abroad. According to the transformation of the model coordinate system, the definitions of azimuth angle, inclination angle and tool surface angle are obtained, and the corresponding calculation formula derivation process is given according to three different parameters. At the same time, the working principle of acceleration sensor and magnetoresistive sensor is described, which provides an important basis for the structure design and parameter selection of the system. The design of inclinometer mainly includes hardware design and software design. Through the analysis of the principle of oblique measurement and the working principle of the sensor, this paper gives the overall design goal and design idea of the oblique measurement system, and clearly defines the detection function, communication function and data acquisition and storage function of the system. The detailed hardware and software design scheme is given. In the hardware design, C8051F021 is used as the control core of the downhole system, SCA3060 acceleration sensor and HMC1053 magnetoresistive sensor are used as the detection unit, and the signal acquisition of the magnetoresistive sensor is completed by TLC2543 analog-to-digital conversion chip. The acceleration sensor is a digital chip, which can communicate with single chip microcomputer directly through the standard four-wire SPI interface and complete the signal acquisition and storage. Because the working environment of the deviation measurement system is in the deep well, the communication and data transmission of the whole system are the key and difficult points in the design process. In order to facilitate the operation of the whole test system, Bluetooth wireless communication is used in this paper. Because the Bluetooth transmission is limited by the distance, the control of the inclinometer can only be carried out before and after the test. The data collected by the downhole system need to be stored through a large capacity FLASH chip, and the data transmission can be completed by Bluetooth after the test is completed. This paper also puts forward some solutions to the electromagnetic compatibility of the system, which improves the reliability of the system. The software design is divided into two parts: upper computer and lower computer, both of which use C language as programming language. The lower computer program is designed for different modules, including system control, data acquisition, data storage and system communication. The upper computer part is mainly the system control program.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P634.7
【引证文献】
相关会议论文 前1条
1 康健;王伯雄;胡仲翔;;基于C8051F320的钻井定向数据采集系统的设计[A];2009中国仪器仪表与测控技术大会论文集[C];2009年
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