水位下降与地裂缝活动关系的现场试验研究

发布时间：2019-05-22 10:37

【摘要】：近年来,地裂缝与地面沉降作为一种城市地质灾害,由于城市用水的激增,其危害性逐步增大,已为城市建设带来了巨大的经济损失。其中,以西安市最为显著。通过不断的深入调查研究,基本形成一个共识,西安地裂缝是由构造因素控制的,而近年来地裂缝活动加剧主要是由于超采地下水导致的,但关于超采地下水如何影响地裂缝活动以及地裂缝超常活动如何影响地下水运移仍未有定论。本文在整理西安地铁1-5号线工可阶段勘察资料的基础上,对西安不同地裂缝以及不同地貌单元地裂缝的两盘水位差异现象进行了总结,根据统计发现两盘水位整体趋势为上盘水位高于下盘,且由东南向西北随地貌单元变化,两盘水位差异逐渐减小。结合劳动路跨地裂缝水文地质抽水试验成果资料,首先对西安地裂缝的涌水量进行了统计,发现下盘稳定后抽水流量是上盘的3倍还多;其次,采用裘布依公式、k00法以及水位恢复法三种方法计算渗透系数,同时采用稳定的S-lnr曲线图解法计算影响半径,通过它们的差异性提出了地裂缝具有隔水与透水两面性观点;最后,通过潜水等水位线框图、水质分析以及沉降观测等值线图的比较,再次验证了以上观点,说明了地裂缝活动会影响潜水水位运移。文章最后采用Geo-Studio数值模拟软件对抽水对地裂缝活动的影响进行了模拟,验证了抽水引起的地层差异沉降压密机理;再采用Geo-Studio数值模拟软件模拟了有无地裂缝情况下地下水的运移情况,对地裂缝具有隔水与透水的两面性进行了验证。
[Abstract]:In recent years, as a kind of urban geological disaster, ground fissures and land subsidence, due to the surge of urban water use, their harmfulness has gradually increased, which has brought huge economic losses to urban construction. Among them, Xi'an is the most significant. Through continuous in-depth investigation and research, a consensus has been basically reached that the ground fissures in Xi'an are controlled by tectonic factors, and the intensification of ground fissures in recent years is mainly caused by overexploitation of groundwater. However, there is no conclusion as to how overexploitation of groundwater affects the activity of ground fissures and how the abnormal activities of ground fissures affect the movement of groundwater. On the basis of sorting out the survey data of Xi'an Metro Line 1 / 5, this paper summarizes the water level differences between different ground fissures and different geomorphological units in Xi'an. According to the statistics, it is found that the overall trend of the water level of the two plates is that the water level of the upper plate is higher than that of the lower plate, and the difference of the water level between the two plates decreases gradually with the change of the geomorphological unit from southeast to northwest. Combined with the hydrogeological pumping test data of the ground fissures across the labor road, the water inrush of the ground fissures in Xi'an is counted, and it is found that the pumping flow rate after the lower plate is stable is more than three times that of the upper plate. Secondly, the permeability coefficient is calculated by Jobu formula, K00 method and water level recovery method, and the influence radius is calculated by stable S-lnr curve method. Through their differences, the viewpoint that ground fissures have two sides of water isolation and permeability is put forward. Finally, through the comparison of diving isolevel diagram, water quality analysis and settlement observation isoline map, the above point of view is verified again, and it is shown that ground fissures will affect the movement of submersible water level. Finally, the influence of pumping on ground fissures is simulated by Geo-Studio numerical simulation software, and the mechanism of formation differential settlement compaction caused by pumping is verified. Then the Geo-Studio numerical simulation software is used to simulate the migration of groundwater with or without ground fissures, and the two sides of ground fissures are verified.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.26

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