川东红层滑坡的形成条件与早期识别研究
发布时间：2019-06-01 15:13
【摘要】：在川东红层地区,大范围(或局地)强降雨天气往往会诱发大量群发性滑坡灾害。尤其是近年来,因全球气候变暖导致天气系统紊乱,致使局地异常天气现象越来越频繁,程度越来越高,并出现“旱涝急转”的特殊现象,更加剧了地质灾害的爆发。滑坡的早期识别是指对未来可能形成滑坡或可能发生大规模变形的斜坡体进行提前判识,以期减少滑坡灾害对人类人民财产造成的威胁和损失。但就目前研究状况而言,要准确的判识一个潜在滑坡是相当困难的,一方面是因为地形切割强烈、植被覆盖、野外工作可视度差等因素增加了识别的难度,另一方面不同地区的岩土体的结构和性质差异相当大,难以找到普遍的、统一的识别标志。川东红层滑坡主要发育在川东地区的较平缓的砂、泥岩互层的斜坡体上,分为岩质滑坡和土质滑坡两大类。根据滑坡岩层的倾角度数不同,又将岩质滑坡分为平推式滑坡和缓倾顺层滑坡。平推式滑坡主要是指岩层倾角在3°—5°,最陡也不超过10°的滑坡,滑坡平面形态的横向宽度往往大于纵向长度,是川东地区非常典型的一类滑坡,其中,根据平推式滑坡的形态及规模特征,又将其分为板梁状滑坡、单级平推式滑坡和多级平推式滑坡;而缓倾顺层滑坡主要是指岩层倾角在10°—20°之间的缓倾岩层滑坡。土质滑坡根据其覆盖层厚度及形成机理的差异又分为浅表层土质滑坡和堆积层滑坡,但川东地区的土质滑坡以浅表层土质滑坡为主。本文的早期识别主要分为岩质类滑坡早期识别和土质滑坡的早期识别两大部分。对于岩质滑坡的早期识别,主要通过对板梁状滑坡、平推式滑坡、缓倾顺层滑坡的形成条件及演化过程的分析,总结出各类滑坡的地质模型,由于平推式和缓倾顺层的地质模型颇有相似之处,因此将其统一归为平缓岩层滑坡,然后结合收集的遥感影像图和对大量的地面调查,从遥感解译和地面调查两个方面总结出板梁状滑坡和平缓岩层滑坡的早期识别标志。对于土质滑坡的早期识别,也是在把握浅表层土质滑坡和堆积层滑坡的形成条件及演化过程的基础上,结合典型实例的前后遥感影像图对比,从遥感和地面两个方面归纳总结出其早期识别标志。
[Abstract]:In the red layer area of eastern Sichuan, large-scale (or local) heavy rainfall weather often leads to a large number of group landslide disasters. Especially in recent years, due to the disorder of weather system caused by global warming, the local abnormal weather phenomenon is becoming more and more frequent and the degree is getting higher and higher, and the special phenomenon of "drought and flood turning rapidly" has aggravated the outbreak of geological disasters. The early identification of landslides refers to the early identification of slopes that may form landslides or may cause large-scale deformation in the future, in order to reduce the threat and loss caused by landslide disasters to the property of human people. However, as far as the current research situation is concerned, it is very difficult to accurately identify a potential landslide. On the one hand, it is because of strong terrain cutting, vegetation cover, poor visibility of field work and other factors that increase the difficulty of recognition. On the other hand, the structure and properties of rock and soil in different areas are quite different, so it is difficult to find a universal and unified identification mark. The red layer landslide in eastern Sichuan is mainly developed on the gentle sand and mudstone interbedded slope in eastern Sichuan, which can be divided into two categories: rock landslide and soil landslide. According to the different inclination angle of landslide strata, the rock landslide is divided into flat push landslide and slow dip bedding landslide. The flat-push landslide mainly refers to the landslide with rock dip angle of 3 掳- 5 掳and the steepest one not more than 10 掳. The transverse width of the landslide plane shape is often larger than the longitudinal length, which is a very typical kind of landslide in eastern Sichuan. According to the shape and scale characteristics of flat push landslide, it can be divided into plate beam landslide, single stage push landslide and multistage push landslide. The gentle dip bedding landslide mainly refers to the slow dip strata landslide with dip angle between 10 掳and 20 掳. According to the difference of overburden thickness and formation mechanism, soil landslide can be divided into shallow surface soil landslide and accumulation layer landslide, but the soil landslide in eastern Sichuan is mainly shallow soil landslide. The early identification of this paper is mainly divided into two parts: the early identification of rock landslide and the early identification of soil landslide. For the early identification of rock landslides, the geological models of all kinds of landslides are summarized by analyzing the formation conditions and evolution process of plate beam landslides, flat push landslides and gently inclined bedding landslides. Because the geological models of flattened and gently tilting bedding are quite similar, they are classified as flat rock landslides, and then combined with the collected remote sensing images and a large number of ground surveys, The early identification marks of plate beam landslide and gentle rock landslide are summarized from two aspects of remote sensing interpretation and ground investigation. For the early identification of soil landslides, it is also on the basis of grasping the formation conditions and evolution process of shallow surface soil landslides and accumulation layer landslides, combined with the comparison of remote sensing images before and after typical examples. The early identification marks are summarized from two aspects of remote sensing and ground.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.22
本文编号：2490367
[Abstract]:In the red layer area of eastern Sichuan, large-scale (or local) heavy rainfall weather often leads to a large number of group landslide disasters. Especially in recent years, due to the disorder of weather system caused by global warming, the local abnormal weather phenomenon is becoming more and more frequent and the degree is getting higher and higher, and the special phenomenon of "drought and flood turning rapidly" has aggravated the outbreak of geological disasters. The early identification of landslides refers to the early identification of slopes that may form landslides or may cause large-scale deformation in the future, in order to reduce the threat and loss caused by landslide disasters to the property of human people. However, as far as the current research situation is concerned, it is very difficult to accurately identify a potential landslide. On the one hand, it is because of strong terrain cutting, vegetation cover, poor visibility of field work and other factors that increase the difficulty of recognition. On the other hand, the structure and properties of rock and soil in different areas are quite different, so it is difficult to find a universal and unified identification mark. The red layer landslide in eastern Sichuan is mainly developed on the gentle sand and mudstone interbedded slope in eastern Sichuan, which can be divided into two categories: rock landslide and soil landslide. According to the different inclination angle of landslide strata, the rock landslide is divided into flat push landslide and slow dip bedding landslide. The flat-push landslide mainly refers to the landslide with rock dip angle of 3 掳- 5 掳and the steepest one not more than 10 掳. The transverse width of the landslide plane shape is often larger than the longitudinal length, which is a very typical kind of landslide in eastern Sichuan. According to the shape and scale characteristics of flat push landslide, it can be divided into plate beam landslide, single stage push landslide and multistage push landslide. The gentle dip bedding landslide mainly refers to the slow dip strata landslide with dip angle between 10 掳and 20 掳. According to the difference of overburden thickness and formation mechanism, soil landslide can be divided into shallow surface soil landslide and accumulation layer landslide, but the soil landslide in eastern Sichuan is mainly shallow soil landslide. The early identification of this paper is mainly divided into two parts: the early identification of rock landslide and the early identification of soil landslide. For the early identification of rock landslides, the geological models of all kinds of landslides are summarized by analyzing the formation conditions and evolution process of plate beam landslides, flat push landslides and gently inclined bedding landslides. Because the geological models of flattened and gently tilting bedding are quite similar, they are classified as flat rock landslides, and then combined with the collected remote sensing images and a large number of ground surveys, The early identification marks of plate beam landslide and gentle rock landslide are summarized from two aspects of remote sensing interpretation and ground investigation. For the early identification of soil landslides, it is also on the basis of grasping the formation conditions and evolution process of shallow surface soil landslides and accumulation layer landslides, combined with the comparison of remote sensing images before and after typical examples. The early identification marks are summarized from two aspects of remote sensing and ground.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P642.22
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