机场高填方沉降变形分析与预测及数据可视化研究

发布时间：2019-06-29 11:34

【摘要】：西南地区因地形因素限制,机场建设具有挖填方工程量大及填方高度较高的特点,从而出现沉降量大、沉降期长的问题,严重影响着机场施工修建进度和投入使用后的安全。因此,针对机场高填方沉降的观测和沉降特征的分析是十分必要的。通过对现场实际监测资料的整理分析,可以分析总结高填方地基沉降变形的特征,从而分析原地基及填筑体沉降的机制。同时,根据长期的沉降监测数据,可以对工后沉降进行预测,为指导施工及相似工程的决策提供依据。本文首先对昆明新机场高填方沉降监测资料进行了整理,根据实际监测资料,分别从原地基和填筑体两个方面对高填方地基沉降的主要影响因素进行了分析和总结;同时,对不同时段的原地基沉降特征、填筑体沉降变形进行实测分析及沉降机制的分析总结。在沉降监测数据的基础上,分别采用双曲线法、对数曲线法、指数曲线法、Pearl曲线法、灰色GM(1,1)模型、灰色Verhulst模型及人工神经网络法建立不同时段沉降预测模型,对各模型的参数取值和预测精度进行分析讨论。然后,选取典型地基沉降监测点,分别以三个时间段监测数据为样本建立预测模型,对其后期沉降进行预测,并将预测结果进行比较,对比分析各方法在不同时间段预测的优缺点和适用情况。通过有限差分理论,采用FLAC3D有限差分软件对昆明新机场高填方典型断面进行三维数值模拟,模拟典型断面的填筑过程,分析地基在填筑加载过程中的沉降变形规律,并在此过程对断面中地基沉降监测点进行竖向位移跟踪记录,得到沉降模拟曲线,与实测结果进行比较,结果显示模拟结果与实测曲线较为吻合,表明数值模拟是高填方地基沉降计算的一种快速、较准确的方法。最后,根据昆明新机场填方施工后的地表沉降监测点及其沉降监测数据,引入ArcGIS技术,通过ArcCatalog建立机场施工后地表沉降数据库,采用三维空间分析实现沉降数据的空间插值、创建TIN表面,通过ArcScene三维可视化功能实现沉降数据的三维可视化显示和表达。
[Abstract]:Due to the limitation of topographic factors, the airport construction in southwest China has the characteristics of large quantity of digging and filling and high height of filling, which leads to the problems of large settlement and long settlement period, which seriously affects the progress of airport construction and the safety after it is put into use. Therefore, it is very necessary to observe and analyze the settlement characteristics of airport high fill settlement. Through the collation and analysis of the actual monitoring data in the field, the characteristics of settlement deformation of high fill foundation can be analyzed and summarized, and the settlement mechanism of original foundation and filling body can be analyzed. At the same time, according to the long-term settlement monitoring data, the post-construction settlement can be predicted, which provides the basis for guiding the construction and the decision-making of similar projects. In this paper, the monitoring data of high fill settlement in Kunming New Airport are sorted out, and the main influencing factors of settlement of high fill foundation are analyzed and summarized from two aspects of original foundation and filling body respectively. At the same time, the settlement characteristics of original foundation, settlement deformation of filling body and settlement mechanism are analyzed and summarized. On the basis of settlement monitoring data, hyperbolic method, logarithmic curve method, exponential curve method, Pearl curve method, grey GM (1, 1) model, grey Verhulst model and artificial neural network method are used to establish settlement prediction models in different periods, and the parameter values and prediction accuracy of each model are analyzed and discussed. Then, the typical foundation settlement monitoring points are selected, and the prediction models are established with the monitoring data of three time periods as samples, and the later settlement is predicted, and the prediction results are compared and analyzed, and the advantages, disadvantages and application of each method in different time periods are compared and analyzed. Based on the finite difference theory and FLAC3D finite difference software, the 3D numerical simulation of the typical section of the high fill in Kunming New Airport is carried out, the filling process of the typical section is simulated, the law of settlement and deformation of the foundation during filling loading is analyzed, and the vertical displacement tracking record of the settlement monitoring point in the section is carried out, and the settlement simulation curve is obtained, which is compared with the measured results. The results show that the simulation results are in good agreement with the measured curves, which indicates that the numerical simulation is a fast and accurate method for calculating the settlement of high fill foundation. Finally, according to the monitoring point of surface subsidence and its settlement monitoring data after filling construction of Kunming new airport, ArcGIS technology is introduced, the database of surface subsidence after airport construction is established by ArcCatalog, the spatial interpolation of settlement data is realized by three-dimensional spatial analysis, the TIN surface is created, and the 3D visualization display and expression of settlement data are realized by ArcScene three-dimensional visualization function.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU433

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