基于近景摄影测量的文物三维重建研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 21:42

本文关键词：基于近景摄影测量的文物三维重建研究　出处：《西安科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在文物保护和重建过程中，构建文物的三维模型是一项基础性工作。精确的文物数字模型能够记录文物的原始三维信息和纹理信息，从而为文物的修缮工作提供重要的数据和模型支持。所以，如何准确而迅速地建立文物数字表面模型成为了三维重建的关键问题。但对于具有不易接触、纹理丰富且轮廓复杂特点的文物而言，用常规的方法很难办到，甚至是不可能的。近景摄影测量技术以其较小的数据量、快捷的处理、低廉的成本以及高精度的特点在文物三维重建方面日渐表现出不可比拟的优势。本文讨论了一种简捷可行的数字近景摄影测量方法，，用非量测型普通数码相机对文物摄影获取其数字影像，用PhotoModeler Scanner软件依据近景摄影测量原理生成其三维模型，并实现了文物模型在三维虚拟场景中的漫游和量测功能。其主要研究工作如下：（1）利用非量测型普通数码相机获取文物影像数据，针对普通数码相机的相机检校问题以及近景摄影测量中的数据采集方式进行研究。（2）选用专业的近景摄影测量软件PhotoModeler Scanner对文物影像数据进行处理，展开了对三维重建过程中涉及到的多基线影像匹配、相对定向、光束法平差以及切面投影三角构网和透视纹理映射等近景摄影测量原理的研究。（3）选用不同形状和尺寸的文物作为三维重建实例对象，并对其实验结果进行对比分析研究，探索出针对不同形状尺寸的文物在PhotoModeler Scanner平台建模的优化方案。（4）完成文物三维重建后，针对文物三维模型的输出与虚拟仿真进行研究，在Skyline平台上实现了文物模型在虚拟场景的漫游和量测功能。
[Abstract]:In the process of preservation and reconstruction of cultural relics, it is a basic work to build three-dimensional model of cultural relics. Accurate digital model of cultural relics can record the original three-dimensional information and texture information of cultural relics. Therefore, how to establish the digital surface model of cultural relics accurately and quickly becomes the key problem of 3D reconstruction, but it is difficult to contact. For the cultural relics with rich texture and complicated outline, it is difficult, even impossible, to use the conventional method. The close-range photogrammetry technology can be processed quickly because of its small amount of data. The advantages of low cost and high precision in 3D reconstruction of cultural relic are more and more incomparable. This paper discusses a simple and feasible method of digital close-range photogrammetry. The digital image is obtained by using the non-measured ordinary digital camera, and the 3D model is generated by PhotoModeler Scanner software according to the principle of close-range photogrammetry. The roaming and measuring functions of the cultural relic model in the 3D virtual scene are realized. The main research work is as follows: 1) to obtain the cultural relic image data by using the non-measuring ordinary digital camera, and to study the camera calibration problem of the ordinary digital camera and the data acquisition method in the close-range photogrammetry. 2) selecting the professional close range photogrammetry software PhotoModeler Scanner to process the image data of cultural relics. The principles of close range photogrammetry, such as multi-baseline image matching, relative orientation, beam adjustment, triangulation of tangent projection and perspective texture mapping, which are involved in 3D reconstruction, are studied in this paper. The cultural relics of different shapes and sizes are selected as the object of 3D reconstruction, and the experimental results are compared and analyzed. This paper explores the optimization scheme for the modeling of cultural relics with different shapes and sizes on PhotoModeler Scanner platform. 4) after the 3D reconstruction of cultural relic is completed, the output and virtual simulation of the 3D model of cultural relic are studied, and the roaming and measuring function of the model in virtual scene is realized on Skyline platform.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P234.1

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