实时精密单点定位技术及其在大气探测中的应用

发布时间：2018-02-11 16:48

本文关键词： 实时精密单点定位技术扩展Kalman滤波（EKF）非差模糊度固定整数钟差大气可降水量 VMF1格网数据 GPT模型天顶电离层总电子含量（VTEC）　出处：《解放军信息工程大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，，精密单点定位技术逐步朝着在少数连续运行参考站的支持下，依托互联网通讯，在确保高精度的同时在大范围内提供实时定位服务的技术演化本文结合这一技术发展背景，全面研究了实时精密单点定位技术的原理及实现方法，研制了相应的实验软件平台，验证了目前实时轨道钟差产品的应用效果在此基础上，将实时精密单点定位技术应用于近实时大气可降水量反演和基于非差载波相位观测量的VTEC计算，研究了相关的GPS数据处理方法，主要工作和结论总结如下： 1.应用实时精密单点定位技术理论，研制了基于非差观测量的实验软件平台PositioningArtisan，实验结果说明，该软件能够达到主流软件的定位解算精度，除定位解算功能，该软件还支持基于CNES实时钟差的非差模糊度固定技术大气可降水量反演和电离层VTEC计算功能 2.分析了应用CNES实时钟差轨道的单天解定位结果，该结果同采用IGS事后产品的定位结果精度相当，验证了CNES实时轨道钟差已经能够支持实时静态定位应用的精度需求相关实验结果说明，基于CNES整数钟差产品的非差模糊度固定技术能够显著提高实时精密单点定位解算结果的收敛速度 3.研究了实时计算条件下的大气可降水量反演数据处理方案，验证了CNES实时轨道钟差数据的精度能够满足支持实时大气可降水量反演应用需要提出了通过VMF1格网数据获取地面气象数据的方法通过与依赖地面直接气象观测的传统方法的对比说明，VMF1格网数据能够作为地面气象信息的可靠来源 4.讨论了缺乏直接气象观测数据条件下，实时大气可降水量反演的数据处理方案提出了结合CNES实时轨道钟差数据，不依赖直接气象观测的近实时大气可降水量反演方法实验结果说明，由于大气可降水量反演应用对于轨道钟差数据误差的敏感性减弱，GPT模型和VMF1预报格网数据都能够作为地面气象信息来源的有力补充该方法将能够提高地基GPS气象观测部署的灵活性，进一步发挥现有针对大地测量目的建设的GPS观测站的应用潜力 5.针对目前VTEC计算常用的载波平滑伪距观测量观测噪声较大易受伪距观测量中系统性误差的影响且实时性不强的问题，提出了基于载波相位观测量组成电离层观测量的近实时VTEC计算方法在强电离层活动下的零（短）基线实验结果表明，该方法能够克服伪距观测量的多路径效应及频间偏差的不利影响获得较高精度的VTEC计算结果，并通过使用广播星历提高计算结果的实时性
[Abstract]:In recent years, the technology of precise single-point positioning has gradually moved towards relying on Internet communication with the support of a few continuous operating reference stations. In order to ensure high precision and provide real-time positioning service on a large scale, this paper studies the principle and implementation method of real-time precise single point positioning technology, and develops the corresponding experimental software platform, combined with the development background of this technology. It is verified that the application effect of the real time orbit clock difference product at present is based on this, the real time precise single point positioning technology is applied to the near real time atmospheric precipitable water retrieval and the VTEC calculation based on the non differential carrier phase observation. The related GPS data processing methods are studied. The main work and conclusions are summarized as follows:. 1. Based on the theory of real time precise single point positioning, an experimental software platform PositioningArtisanbased on nondifferential observations is developed. The experimental results show that the software can achieve the accuracy of the main software, except for the function of the positioning solution. The software also supports the non-differential ambiguity fixed technology based on CNES real-time clock error. The retrieval of atmospheric precipitable water and the calculation of ionospheric VTEC are also supported. 2. The results of single day positioning using CNES real time clock difference orbit are analyzed. The accuracy of the result is similar to that of the one with IGS afterwards. The experimental results show that the CNES real-time orbit clock error can support the accuracy requirements of real-time static positioning applications. Non-difference ambiguity fixing technique based on CNES integer clock difference product can significantly improve the convergence speed of the solution of real-time precise single point positioning. 3. The inversion data processing scheme of atmospheric precipitable water under real-time calculation is studied. It is verified that the accuracy of CNES real-time orbit clock difference data can meet the needs of real-time atmospheric precipitable water retrieval. A method of obtaining surface meteorological data by VMF1 grid data is proposed. The comparison of traditional methods shows that VMF1 grid data can be used as a reliable source of surface meteorological information. 4. Under the condition of lack of direct meteorological observation data, the data processing scheme of real-time atmospheric precipitable water retrieval is discussed. Combined with CNES real time orbit clock difference data, The experimental results of near-real-time atmospheric precipitable water retrieval method independent of direct meteorological observations show that, The sensitivity of atmospheric precipitable water inversion to orbit clock error is weakened. Both GPT model and VMF1 forecast grid data can be used as a powerful source of surface meteorological information. This method can improve ground GPS meteorological information. Observation deployment flexibility, Further developing the Application potential of the existing GPS Observatory for Geodesy purposes. 5. Aiming at the problem that the observed noise of carrier smoothing pseudo-range observation used in VTEC calculation is large and easy to be affected by the systematic error in pseudo-range measurement, and the real-time performance is not strong. A near real time VTEC method based on carrier phase observations for ionospheric observations is proposed. The experimental results of zero (short) baselines under strong ionospheric activity show that, This method can overcome the multipath effect of pseudo-range observations and the adverse effects of inter-frequency deviation to obtain a high precision VTEC calculation result, and improve the real-time performance of the calculation results by using broadcast ephemeris.
【学位授予单位】：解放军信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P228.4;P412.27

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