三维地理空间数据的分辨率的研究

发布时间：2018-02-15 07:40

本文关键词： 三维地理空间模型数字地面模型数字城市精确程度通视分析日照分析制图综合　出处：《西安科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：分辨率和比例尺是地理空间数据的重要特征，二维地理空间数据在纸质的条件用比例尺表示，在数字条件下用分辨率表示；三维地理空间数据在数字条件下用分辨率表示。在三维建模时，怎么样把不同的地物用统一的标准去规范是本文探索的重点。论文的主要内容和成果概括如下： 1、介绍一些常用的三维地理空间数据模型，三维地表模型和三维地物模型，以及对DTM和DEM的区别进行比较找出共同点和不同点。并且对三维数字城市进行详细的阐述，为三维建模提供概念的支持。 2、阐述三维地理空间模型精确程度，为分辨率的概念的提出提供依据。三维模型的精确程度，不只是平面精度而且还包含三维模型的高程精度，结合数字高程模型（DEM）的精度指标，找出精度规律，，以及描述了三维模型制作的产品规范，从而更好的为结论的得出创造条件。 3、通过对通视分析和日照分析两个限制因子的研究可以更好的约束三维空间模型的精度，进而提取较为准确的三维模型精度。 4、从二维图形的制图综合类推出三维地图的综合取舍，两者的区别就在于一个是平面图形一个是立体图形，在低分辨率的时候可以用标准的空间体代替真实的实体空间体。在进行三维地物形状取舍应该遵循宁可对地物放大也不能缩小的原则，以保证三维空间模型的安全性。 5、通过前五章的描述得到第六章的结论部分。第六章整体阐述了分辨率的概念，并且提出在分辨率多少的时候，显示的精度是多少？而且规定了不同成图比例尺下，地物表达的不同取舍。
[Abstract]:Resolution and scale are important characteristics of geospatial data. The condition of two-dimensional geospatial data is represented by scale in paper condition and resolution in digital condition. 3D geospatial data is represented by resolution under digital conditions. In 3D modeling, how to standardize different features with unified standards is the focus of this paper. The main contents and achievements of this paper are summarized as follows:. 1. Introduce some commonly used 3D geospatial data models, 3D surface models and 3D terrain models, and compare the differences between DTM and DEM to find out the common points and differences. Provide conceptual support for 3D modeling. 2. The degree of accuracy of 3D geospatial model is expounded, which provides the basis for the concept of resolution. The accuracy of 3D model is not only plane accuracy, but also the elevation accuracy of 3D model. Combining with the precision index of digital elevation model (DEM), this paper finds out the law of accuracy and describes the product specification of 3D model making, so as to create better conditions for the conclusion. 3. Through the study of two limiting factors, the general view analysis and the sunshine analysis, the precision of the 3D model can be better constrained, and the accuracy of the 3D model can be extracted more accurately. 4. From the cartographic generalization of two-dimensional graphics, the author deduces the comprehensive selection and selection of three-dimensional maps. The difference between the two is that one is a plane figure and the other is a three-dimensional figure. In order to ensure the safety of 3D spatial model, the standard spatial object can be used to replace the real solid space body at low resolution. In order to ensure the safety of 3D spatial model, the principle of enlarging the object rather than reducing it should be followed in the choice of 3D object shape. 5. Through the description of the first five chapters, we get the conclusion of the 6th chapter. Chapter 6th explains the concept of resolution as a whole, and puts forward that when the resolution is how much, what is the accuracy of the display? In addition, it specifies the different choices of the expression of ground objects under different mapping scales.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208

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