GPS观测数据仿真系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-03-07 22:21

本文选题：全球定位系统　切入点：观测数据　出处：《电子科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：GPS是一种全天候、高精度的全球定位系统，有着广泛的应用市场和发展前景，而卫星信号模拟源用于模拟产生各种场景下的GPS卫星信号，在GPS接收机的研发和测试中具有重要的作用与意义，但由于一些关键技术较为敏感，国内对此课题进行专门研究的机构尚且较少，本论文便是以此为背景和目的。本研究课题的任务目标，是对GPS信号模拟源中数据仿真部分的关键技术和仿真实现展开研究工作，具体包括完成时间与坐标系统、广播星历、卫星轨道、环境等误差以及各项观测值的仿真建模，结合软件界面设计，实现了任意修改观测时间、位置、环境等参数，获取模拟源的观测数据并分析结果。本文首先对GPS数据仿真相关的数学模型进行了研究。其一是相关的时间系统和坐标系统，不同系统之间转换的模型，这是将研究中各仿真模块联系起来的基础依据；其次是卫星轨道部分，包括Rinex星历文件及轨道参数，外推卫星位置和轨道拟合的算法；接着需针对定位信号误差源在仿真系统中所需进行的处理和模型进行了分析，包括星钟误差和电离层、对流层等，为了使模拟源仿真的环境与产生的信号能够包含误差影响，，更为真实。然后对卫星信号模拟源的结构进行分析，给出了数据仿真系统的设计需求与总体框架，并结合算法具体讲述了各模块在实现中的细节和数据流，包括判定卫星可见性的流程、计算伪距观测值流程以及轨道拟合的流程。采用Matlab程序与VC6.0图形界面并且混合编程的方式，实现软件仿真的可控可视化操作，能够按照用户设定的观测点，实现对GPS场景数据的软件仿真。在执行观测值仿真计算后，给出了软件功能和模块的测试方法，对生成的轨道、可见性、场景误差等进行了各类单元测试，绘图并分析数据，验证了GPS数据仿真系统设计结构的合理性与关键技术的算法正确性。主要成果是使用软件编程实现了一个比较完整的、可行的GPS模拟源数据仿真系统。该模拟源的特点是用于接收机测试的通用型模拟源，在这之上可以继续进行扩展和研究，设计与开发原理同样可用于其他的定位系统。
[Abstract]:GPS is an all-weather, high-precision global positioning system, which has a wide application market and development prospects. The satellite signal analog source is used to simulate and generate GPS satellite signals in various scenarios. It plays an important role and significance in the research and development of GPS receiver. However, because of some key technologies are more sensitive, there are few special research institutions on this subject in China. This paper is based on this background and purpose. The task goal of this research is to study the key technology and simulation realization of the data simulation part of the GPS signal analog source, including the completion of time and coordinate system, broadcast ephemeris, satellite orbit, etc. Based on the simulation modeling of environment and other observation values and the design of software interface, the parameters of observation time, position and environment are arbitrarily modified, and the observation data of simulation source are obtained and the results are analyzed. Firstly, the mathematical models related to GPS data simulation are studied in this paper. One is the related time system and coordinate system, and the conversion model between different systems, which is the basic basis for connecting each simulation module in the research. Secondly, the part of satellite orbit, including Rinex ephemeris and orbit parameters, extrapolation algorithm of satellite position and orbit fitting, then the processing and model of error source of positioning signal in simulation system are analyzed. The satellite clock error and ionospheric and troposphere are included. In order to make the simulated environment and the generated signal contain the error effect, it is more true. Then the structure of the satellite signal analog source is analyzed, the design requirements and the overall framework of the data simulation system are given, and the details and data flow of each module in the implementation are described in combination with the algorithm, including the process of judging the visibility of the satellite. The flow chart of calculating the pseudo-range observation value and the flow of orbit fitting. By using Matlab program and VC6.0 graphical interface and mixed programming, the controllable visual operation of software simulation can be realized, which can be based on the observation point set by the user. The software simulation of GPS scene data is realized. After performing the simulation calculation of the observation value, the software function and the test method of the module are given, and the generated orbit, visibility, scene error and so on are tested in various units, and the data are drawn and analyzed. The rationality of the design structure of the GPS data simulation system and the correctness of the algorithm of the key technology are verified. The main achievement is that a relatively complete and feasible GPS analog source data simulation system is implemented by software programming. The characteristic of this analog source is the universal analog source used for receiver testing, on which we can continue to expand and study. Design and development principles can also be used in other positioning systems.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P228.4;TP391.9

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