基于GIS的城市供水管网优化设计与应用

发布时间：2018-03-10 05:21

本文选题：供水管网　切入点：GIS　出处：《电子科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着现代城市规模的不断增大，供水管网管线的长度和复杂度也日益增加。供水管网的建造、维护、运行费用已经占到了整个管网系统投资的百分之七十到八十。同时居民生活水平和工业生产效率的提高，对供水系统可靠性也提出了严格的要求。给水管网管径的设置和提高经济性、可靠性指标之间有密切的关系，因此，供水管网的优化设计就有十分重要的研究意义。本课题主要对供水管网的管径组合进行优化。由于管网规模庞大、结构复杂，管网基础数据的输入十分繁琐，所以将GIS系统和管网优化结合起来。通过GIS系统可以快速的获取基础数据，对数据进行管理和修改，并且可以直观的显示优化结果，大大缩短设计周期。本文所建立的优化模型涵盖了管网的经济性指标和可靠性指标，通过节点富余水头的加权平均值来表征管网的可靠性。将建造、维护、运行费用和节点富余水头纳入到目标函数，在保证管网经济性和使用要求的情况下，提高了管网的可靠性。然后采用自适应遗传算法，将设计变量进行编码，然后通过选择、交叉、变异等过程不断提高个体的适应度值，直到获得最优解。在此过程中，通过精英保留策略和自适应的改变交叉率、变异率，，使算法的性能得到了改善。最后通过实际的工程案列，比较了传统的设计方法（经济流速法）和遗传算法优化方法之间的优劣，说明了遗传算法在管网优化方面具有实际的意义。
[Abstract]:With the increasing scale of modern city, the length and complexity of water supply pipeline are increasing day by day. Operating costs have accounted for 70% to 80 of the total pipeline system investment. At the same time, the standard of living of the residents and the efficiency of industrial production have been improved. Strict requirements for the reliability of water supply system are put forward. There is a close relationship between the setting of pipe diameter of water supply network and the improvement of economy and reliability index. Therefore, the optimization design of water supply network has very important significance. This subject mainly optimizes the pipe diameter combination of the water supply network. Because of the large scale and complicated structure of the pipe network, the input of the basic data of the pipe network is very complicated. So the combination of GIS system and pipe network optimization. Through the GIS system, we can get the basic data quickly, manage and modify the data, and can display the optimization results intuitively, and greatly shorten the design period. The optimization model established in this paper covers the economic index and reliability index of the pipe network. The reliability of the pipe network is represented by the weighted average value of the surplus water head of the node. The operation cost and the surplus water head of the node are incorporated into the objective function, and the reliability of the pipe network is improved under the condition of ensuring the economic and operational requirements of the pipe network. Then the adaptive genetic algorithm is used to encode the design variables, and then through the selection, crossover, mutation and other processes, the fitness of the individual is continuously improved until the optimal solution is obtained. The performance of the algorithm is improved by elite retention strategy and adaptive change of crossover rate and mutation rate. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional design method (economic velocity method) and genetic algorithm optimization method are compared through the actual engineering cases, which shows that genetic algorithm has practical significance in pipe network optimization.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;TU991.33

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