地理国情监测中测绘历史档案信息挖掘与应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 02:29

本文选题：地理国情监测　切入点：测绘历史档案　出处：《长安大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：着眼国家新形势下发展建设的现实和需要,2010年底,李克强副总理批示国家测绘局加强基础测绘和地理国情监测,着力开发利用地理信息资源;2011年3月7日,国家测绘局和陕西省人民政府在京共同签订合作协议,陕西省成为全国首个地理国情监测试点省份[1];随之,地理国情监测工程全面启动,迄今已取得了初步监测成果,地理国情监测的工作内容、技术方法和体系架构日臻完善。但截至目前,存储在国家和省级测绘部门的大量的历史档案资料尚未在地理国情监测工作中大范围、系统化使用,从而造成信息资源的不必要浪费和损失。为此,在测绘行业积极推进地理国情监测的当下,有必要全面审视地理国情监测的内涵,在积极做好“眼下”地理国情监测工作的同时,回头看“昨天”的地理国情,以审慎的眼光挖掘、研究历史地理信息,以期获得有价值的历史资料佐证、服务今天的国情。本文以测绘历史地理信息为研究对象,从四个方面对测绘历史档案进行了信息挖掘和研究。首先,通过对国内多家档案资料馆馆藏测绘历史档案情况的摸底与调研,摸清国内现有历史信息资源的馆藏情况、应用现状和表达方法,继而以收集的部分档案资料为基础,展开历史地理信息的表达研究,旨在摸索整理出适用的研究思路和具体方法;以信息应用为着眼点,对历史地理信息所应包含的内容进行分析,确定了历史地理信息数据技术规格和指标;其次,在技术层面制定了信息获取的技术路线和要求,对试验区信息的获取开展了试验研究。第三,以历史地理信息在考古行业中的实际应用为例,阐述了历史地理信息在统一坐标系、古遗址定位分析、遗址变迁分析以及古河道研究方面发挥的作用,充分肯定了历史地理信息在考古工作中的重要意义,拓展、开启了历史地理信息广阔的应用前景。最后基于收集和获取的各类数据资料,以信息展示、数据时态演变和对比分析为目的,研发了历史地理信息应用服务平台原型系统,既实现了历史地理信息的直观展示和系统化管理,也为历史地理信息的推广应用提出了现代化的解决方案,为潜在的应用提供了必要的技术手段。本研究总结形成的相关技术文件,可为历史地理国情数据生产的规模化实施提供技术帮助,为历史地理国情演变分析及应用提供示范,为地理国情监测技术体系的建立提供参考。另外还希望本研究能唤起人们对尘封的历史地理信息资源的记忆,对历史地理信息的监管使用和应用起到抛砖引玉的作用。
[Abstract]:In view of the reality and needs of development and construction under the new state situation, Vice Premier Li Keqiang instructed the State Survey and Mapping Bureau to strengthen basic surveying and mapping and geographical national condition monitoring, and to develop and utilize geographic information resources. In March 7th 2011, The State Bureau of surveying and Mapping and the people's Government of Shaanxi Province have jointly signed a cooperation agreement in Beijing, and Shaanxi Province has become the first pilot province in the country to monitor geographical conditions. The contents, technical methods and system structure of the monitoring of geographical conditions are becoming more and more perfect. However, up to now, a large number of historical archival data stored in national and provincial surveying and mapping departments have not yet been widely and systematically used in the monitoring of geographical conditions. As a result, the unnecessary waste and loss of information resources. Therefore, in the surveying and mapping industry to actively promote the current geographical situation monitoring, it is necessary to comprehensively examine the connotation of geographical situation monitoring, While actively doing a good job in monitoring the "present" geographical conditions, we should look back at the geographical conditions of "yesterday", dig out and study historical and geographical information with a prudent eye, with a view to obtaining valuable historical data to support it. To serve today's national conditions. This paper takes surveying and mapping historical geographic information as the research object, from four aspects of surveying and mapping historical archives for information mining and research. Through the survey and investigation of the situation of surveying and mapping historical archives in the collection of many archives in China, we can find out the current situation of the collection of historical information resources in China, the present situation of application and the methods of expression, and then take part of the archival materials collected as the basis. The purpose of the research on the expression of historical geographic information is to find out the suitable research ideas and specific methods, to analyze the contents of historical geographical information from the point of view of information application. The technical specifications and indicators of historical geographic information data are determined. Secondly, the technical route and requirements of information acquisition are established at the technical level, and the experimental research on the acquisition of information in the experimental area is carried out. Taking the practical application of historical geographical information in the archaeological industry as an example, this paper expounds the role of historical geographic information in the unified coordinate system, the analysis of the location of ancient sites, the analysis of site changes and the study of ancient rivers. Fully affirming the important significance of historical geographic information in archaeological work, expanding and opening up the broad application prospects of historical geographic information. Finally, based on various kinds of data collected and obtained, it is displayed with information, For the purpose of data temporal evolution and comparative analysis, a prototype system of historical geographic information application service platform is developed, which realizes the visual display and systematic management of historical geographic information. It also provides a modern solution for the promotion and application of historical and geographical information, and provides necessary technical means for potential applications. It can provide technical assistance for the large-scale implementation of historical geographical situation data production, and provide demonstration for the analysis and application of historical geographical situation evolution. In addition, it is hoped that this study can arouse people's memory of dust-covered historical geographic information resources and play a role in the supervision and application of historical geographical information.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P20

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