坡面沉积地形因子研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 00:32

本文选题：沉积地形因子 + 土壤侵蚀　；参考：《西北大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：沉积作用是地表侵蚀过程的重要组成部分,目前对于地形与土壤侵蚀关系的研究大多集中在地形对侵蚀和产沙的影响,而地形对沉积的作用有所忽略。本文基于地貌学、水文学、泥沙动力学等原理,分析地形对泥沙沉积过程的影响,利用研究区的5m分辨率DEM,通过不同的算法分别提取了可以表征地形与沉积作用关系的定量指标——沉积地形因子,并进行了空间分布和统计分析,得到如下结论： (1)沉积作为完整土壤侵蚀过程中的重要组成部分,其在坡面上的发生以及强弱变化都与地形有着紧密的关系,针对这一关系,我们初步提出了用沉积地形因子这一定量指标来表征沉积作用与地形的关系； (2)基于地貌学和水文学的Moore、Mitasova以及Gruber三种算法均可以实现地形与沉积作用强度间的关系表达,通过三种算法的思路以及结果的对比分析,三种算法均可表示沉积发生的地形部位和相对量,但表现的格局有所不同；有待研究； (3)沉积地形因子与坡度、等高线曲率以及Ls因子间的关系最为明显；沉积现象主要发生在坡度由陡变缓、LS因子由大变小的地形部位,在凹形坡上具有较大的值。
[Abstract]:Sedimentation is an important part of the process of surface erosion. At present, most of the researches on the relationship between topography and soil erosion focus on the influence of topography on erosion and sediment yield, but the role of topography on sediment is neglected.Based on the principles of geomorphology, hydrology and sediment dynamics, this paper analyzes the influence of topography on sediment deposition process.Using the 5m resolution DEM of the study area, the sedimentary terrain factor, which can represent the relationship between topography and sedimentation, is extracted by different algorithms, and the spatial distribution and statistical analysis are carried out, and the following conclusions are obtained:1) as an important part of the whole soil erosion process, sediment has a close relationship with the topography in terms of its occurrence on the slope as well as its strong or weak changes.We put forward that the relation between sedimentary action and topography can be expressed by using sedimentary terrain factor, which is a certain index.2) Mooren Mitasova and Gruber algorithms based on geomorphology and hydrology can express the relationship between topography and sediment intensity.All three algorithms can express the topography and relative quantity of sediment, but the pattern is different, which needs to be studied.(3) the relationship between sedimentary topographic factors and slope, contour curvature and Ls factor is most obvious, and the sedimentary phenomenon mainly occurs in the terrain where the gradient changes from steep to slow and the LS factor changes from large to small, and has a larger value on concave slope.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P208;P931.1

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