面向数字城管的路网空间模型研究与应用

发布时间：2018-04-13 02:26

本文选题：数字城管 + 路网空间模型　；参考：《北京建筑大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市管理是一个庞杂的系统工程，随着城市现代化建设进程的加快，传统粗放、低效的城市管理方式很难适应城市高速发展的要求。而城市信息化水平的提高，使得新的城市管理模式——数字城管应运而生。其中，道路网络空间模型作为城市运行管理系统的核心，成为研究的重点。为了使道路数据、城市部件数据、记录城市发展变迁的影像、照片数据以及为城市管理者提供决策支持的业务数据能够有效地服务于城市运行管理系统，很有必要对道路网络空间模型的组织方法和存储模式进行研究，以一种更加智慧的方法实现资源共享及业务协同，显著地提升政府部门的城市管理和公共服务能力。本文回顾了国内外学者在道路网络空间模型方面的研究成果及应用状况，并结合网格化数字城管的特点、内容和管理需求，建立了面向数字城管的路网模型管理对象内容体系，并提出了面向数字城管的路网空间模型，该数据模型通过对道路、路段、城市部件等矢量数据进行抽象，并采用点、线、面相结合的要素类型，实现道路网络空间模型的表达。本文从概念模型、逻辑模型、物理模型等几个方面对面向数字城管的路网空间模型进行了研究。首先，在概念模型中列出了路网空间模型所要表达的要素，并提取出了各要素的属性，并描述了各要素之间的拓扑关系；其次，在逻辑模型中则是把现实世界中的各要素及要素之间的关系转换到GIS世界；再次，在物理模型中以具有线性参照体系的道路网络为主线，城管业务理念为先导，从基础空间数据、城市部件数据等方面来设计路网空间物理模型。本文通过Geodatabase数据库对面向数字城管的路网空间模型进行了具体的物理实现和应用，以北京市西城区为例建立了西城区城市运行管理数据库，并在此基础上开发了西城区城市运行管理平台。根据西城区的实际业务需求，在城市运行管理数据库的基础上研发了牌匾监管和路径规划的相关应用。牌匾监管主要是针对户外牌匾所面临的查处非法户外基础设施效率低、监管难度大等问题，建立了基于街景影像的牌匾监管模块。该模块可通过实景影像进行牌匾量测，并通过属性查询统计牌匾信息，提升户外牌匾执法管理水平；路径规划主要是应对城市突发事件和重大活动的行程规划设计的，，为城市安全应急指挥提供历时参考和决策依据。通过平台上实际应用验证了本文设计的面向数字城管的路网空间模型的可行性与适用性。
[Abstract]:Urban management is a complex system engineering. With the acceleration of the process of urban modernization, the traditional extensive and inefficient urban management is difficult to meet the requirements of the rapid development of the city.The improvement of the level of urban information makes the new urban management mode-digital urban management emerge as the times require.As the core of urban operation management system, road cyberspace model has become the focus of research.In order to make road data, urban component data, images of urban development and changes, photo data and business data to provide decision support for city managers, they can effectively serve the urban operation management system.It is necessary to study the organization method and storage mode of road cyberspace model to realize resource sharing and business cooperation in a more intelligent way and to improve the urban management and public service ability of government departments significantly.This paper reviews the research results and application status of road network spatial model at home and abroad, and combines the characteristics, contents and management requirements of gridding digital urban management, and establishes the management object content system of road network model oriented to digital urban management.A road network spatial model for digital urban management is proposed. The data model abstracts the vector data of road, road, and urban components, and adopts the element types of point, line and surface to realize the representation of road network space model.In this paper, the spatial model of road network for digital urban management is studied from several aspects, such as conceptual model, logical model, physical model and so on.First of all, it lists the elements to be expressed in the conceptual model, extracts the attributes of each element, and describes the topological relationship among the elements.In the logical model, the relationship between the elements and the elements in the real world is transformed to the GIS world. Thirdly, in the physical model, the road network with linear reference system is the main line, and the business concept of urban management is the forerunner.The spatial physical model of road network is designed from basic spatial data and urban component data.In this paper, the physical realization and application of the road network spatial model for digital urban management are carried out through Geodatabase database. Taking Xicheng District of Beijing as an example, the urban operation management database of Xicheng District is established.On this basis, the Xicheng urban operation management platform is developed.According to the actual business demand of Xicheng District, the application of plaque supervision and path planning is developed on the basis of urban operation management database.Plaque supervision is mainly aimed at the problems of low efficiency and difficult supervision of illegal outdoor infrastructure, which is faced by outdoor plaque. A plaque supervision module based on street view image is established.The module can measure the plaque through the real scene image, and through the attribute query statistical plaque information, improve the management level of the outdoor plaque law enforcement, path planning is mainly to deal with urban emergencies and major events travel planning design,It provides diachronic reference and decision basis for city safety emergency command.The feasibility and applicability of the road network spatial model for digital urban management are verified by practical application on the platform.
【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;U495

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