基于GIS的秦皇岛市石河水环境管理系统构建研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 13:27

本文选题：GIS + 水环境信息　；参考：《东北大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着秦皇岛市市政府对石河资源开发力度的逐渐增大,以及对石河“城市生态景观名片”的重新定位,科学、先进的管理技术势必会很快地运用到石河的水环境信息管理工作中。为了提高石河水环境信息的管理水平和决策依据,本论文主要构建了基于地理信息系统(Geographic Information System, GIS)的水环境管理系统。在对秦皇岛市石河水环境现状进行分析和总结后,收集和提取了石河流域相关的水资源信息,建立了包括河流地理形态、周边环境、水质监测等数据在内的石河水环境信息空间数据库,然后采用C样为程序设计语言,Access为后台数据库,通过嵌入式GIS组件库-ArcGIS Engine,并结合水质预测模型,构建了基于GIS的水环境管理系统。该系统总体构架分为系统管理、信息查询、数据管理、预测模拟四大功能模块,各模块间相互独立、互相调动,在每一个模块的功能上又进行了详细的划分。论文重点对预测模拟模块进行了研究,针对石河的水力、水质特征以及污染物的排放情况,选择二维稳态预测模型对石河水体中COD和NH3-N的浓度分布进行模拟,并验证了所选取的水质参数,预测结果和模拟值拟合度较高(大部分模拟误差在30%以下)。然后通过GIS组件将COD和NH13-N的浓度分布在河流层面上通过渐变色的形式直观展示出来,为水环境相关部门提供决策依据。同时,选取瞬时点源二维模型对石河突发污染状况进行预报预警,预测突发性污染对石河的影响程度和范围。本系统操作界面简便、友好,基本实现了空间可视化技术、数据库技术和水质预测模型的有机结合,提高了石河水环境管理管理效率,同时对石河后续的相关研究提供了参考。
[Abstract]:Along with the Qinhuangdao Municipal Government's gradual increase in the intensity of exploitation of the Shihe River resources, as well as the re-orientation of the Shihe's "card of urban ecological landscape",Advanced management technology will soon be applied to the water environment information management of Shihe River.In order to improve the management level and decision-making basis of water environment information in Shihe River, a water environment management system based on GIS (Geographic Information system) is constructed in this paper.After analyzing and summarizing the present situation of the water environment of Shihe River in Qinhuangdao City, we collected and extracted the relevant water resources information of the Shihe River Basin, and established the water resources information, including the geographical form of the river, the surrounding environment,The water environment information spatial database of Shihe River, including water quality monitoring data, and C sample programming language access is used as backstage database, through embedded GIS component library -Arc GIS engineer, and combined with water quality prediction model.The water environment management system based on GIS is constructed.The overall framework of the system is divided into four functional modules: system management, information query, data management, prediction and simulation. Each module is independent and mobilized, and the function of each module is divided in detail.This paper focuses on the prediction simulation module. According to the hydraulic, water quality characteristics and pollutant discharge of Shihe River, a two-dimensional steady-state prediction model is selected to simulate the concentration distribution of COD and NH3-N in the water body of Shihe River.The results show that the predicted results and the simulated values fit well (most of the simulation errors are less than 30%).Then the concentration distribution of COD and NH13-N on the river level is displayed directly by GIS component, which can provide the decision basis for the relevant departments of water environment.At the same time, the instantaneous point source two-dimensional model is selected to predict the sudden pollution situation of Shihe River, and the influence degree and range of sudden pollution on Shihe River are predicted.The operating interface of the system is simple and friendly, which basically realizes the combination of spatial visualization technology, database technology and water quality prediction model, improves the efficiency of water environment management and management of Shihe River, and provides a reference for the subsequent research on Shihe River.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X52;P208

【参考文献】