基于GIS对巢湖北部矿山地质环境评价及WebGIS设计

发布时间：2018-04-17 23:34

本文选题：矿山环境地质 + 评价方法　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国民经济建设的持续发展，地区工业经济的崛起，人们对矿产资源的需求日益增加，随着矿山的大规模开采，由此所带来的生态破坏和环境地质问题愈加严重，，引起人们的广泛关注。伴随巢湖划归合肥这一重大举措，其未来的区域定位是将巢湖打造成为生态旅游观光地，已纳入合肥一系列的发展建设项目中。巢湖北部山区作为环巢湖生态示范区建设的重点区域，其山湖相映，洞泉相闻的山水美景，却一直饱受大肆采矿，无序开采带来的环境地质灾害的困扰，对周边的居民生产生活带来严重影响，因此，巢湖北部山区矿山地质环境问题亟待解决。本次研究是在全面系统收集和总结大量关于本区的地质、水文、环境等资料基础上，开展了对巢湖北部山区的地质、矿产开发和环境地质等进行了详细的野外调查，基本查明研究区的地质背景、矿山开采现状、地质灾害类型。基于此背景，通过AHP层次分析法建立关于巢湖北部山区的矿山地质环境评价体系，确定了评价体系中的3个层次，8个指标。利用GIS技术，借助ArcGIS软件和ERDAS软件，依据所采集的基础数据，对评价指标进行了相应的提取与数据处理。通过GIS的空间分析，将各个指标进行了分区，并通过综合地理处理分析，得到研究区的4类矿山地质环境破环程度区域，其中地质环境破坏程度最为严重的区域面积相对较小，主要分布在平顶山西南一侧，麒麟山西北方向等一带，最为密集的区域则分布在大尖山西北一侧。同时，结合研究区地质环境情况，初步设计了关于研究区矿山环境地质的网络地理信息系统，为科学地管理环境地质信息、解决环境地质问题提供了更为有效的技术手段。上述成果为进一步分析研究该区的环境地质问题提供了便利和参考。
[Abstract]:With the sustainable development of national economy and the rise of regional industrial economy, the demand for mineral resources is increasing day by day. With the large-scale mining of mines, the ecological damage and environmental geological problems are becoming more and more serious.Draw people's wide attention.As Chaohu Lake belongs to Hefei, its regional orientation in the future is to build Chaohu Lake into an ecotourism destination, which has been included in a series of development and construction projects in Hefei.The mountain area in the northern part of Chaohu Lake, as a key area in the construction of ecological demonstration area around Chaohu Lake, has been plagued by environmental geological disasters caused by wanton mining and disorderly mining.Therefore, the geological environment of mine in the northern mountain area of Chaohu Lake needs to be solved urgently.Based on the comprehensive and systematic collection and summary of a large number of geological, hydrological and environmental data in this area, this study has carried out a detailed field investigation of geology, mineral exploitation and environmental geology in the northern mountain areas of Chaohu Lake.The geological background, mining status and geological hazard types of the research area are basically found out.Based on this background, the evaluation system of mine geological environment in the northern mountain area of Chaohu Lake was established by AHP Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and three levels and eight indexes of the evaluation system were determined.The evaluation index is extracted and processed by using GIS technology, ArcGIS software and ERDAS software, according to the basic data collected.Through the spatial analysis of GIS, each index is partitioned, and through the comprehensive geographical processing analysis, four types of mine geological environment breaking degree regions are obtained, in which the area with the most serious damage degree of geological environment is relatively small.It is mainly distributed on the southwest side of Pingdingshan, northwest of Kirin Mountain and the most dense area on the northwest side of Dajian Mountain.At the same time, combined with the geological environment of the study area, the network geographic information system of mine environmental geology in the study area is designed preliminarily, which provides a more effective technical means for scientifically managing the environmental geological information and solving the environmental geological problems.The above results provide convenience and reference for further analysis and study of environmental geological problems in this area.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;X82

【参考文献】