基于地理信息系统（GIS）的安徽省天柱山地质公园评价

发布时间：2018-04-18 17:52

本文选题：地质公园 + 地质遗迹　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：地质公园的建立是保护地质遗迹的最有效的方法。在地球形成演化的历史中，地质遗迹是受到各种内外动力地质作用而遗留下来的地质自然遗产。地质遗迹是自然遗产与历史文化的重要组成部分，存在巨大的科学研究与历史文化研究价值，具有不可再生性、不可恢复性、典型性等特点。地质遗迹的开发可以带来社会效益和经济效益，所以保护好地质遗迹是社会进步的客观要求。地质公园的评价是保护、规划和开发地质遗迹资源的重要基础。随着科学的发展和技术的进步，地理信息系统（GIS）自20世纪60年代起取得了巨大的发展，广泛应用于地质灾害预测、环境保护、环境评价、城市规划建设等众多的领域。GIS具有强大的地理信息存储、处理、分析和展示的功能，作为空间分析工具，能够有效地管理和操作分析对象的空间数据。本文对天柱山地质公园的评价从基于GIS的定量评价进行探讨，建立了针对天柱山地质公园地质遗迹的评价体系。指标体系的构建强调自然属性、价值属性、景点景区规模以及旅游开发条件。本文利用GIS对地质遗迹建立了空间数据库，并以此为基础对天柱山地质公园进行评价。对天柱山地质公园评价方法的选取上，利用加权线性组合法（WLC）、次序权重平均法（OWA）、理想点法（TOPSIS）这三种评价方法分别对地质公园进行评价。首先运用层次分析法（AHP）算出指标体系中各因子的权重，然后分别采用三种评价方法对天柱山地质公园进行定量分析，根据其得分结果对区域进行等级划分。评价结果均通过GIS来进行空间展示，使评价更为直观和清晰。对三种评价结果采用GIS叠加分析来得到综合评价结果，使得评价结果更为科学而不失一般性。评价的结果分为“保护开发价值高”、“保护开发价值中等”、“保护开发价值一般”三个等级。根据结果从自然属性、价值属性、景点景区规模以及旅游开发条件这四个方面对天柱山地质公园进行评价。最后对天柱山地质公园从开发和保护两方面做出建议，对“保护开发价值高”的地带，含有花岗岩地貌地质遗迹的区域可开发为观赏性旅游带，含超高压变质带和榴辉岩的地带开发为科研基地，，同时对遗迹采取保护措施。对“保护开发价值中等”的地带也需保护，在含水文地质遗迹的区域上可以开发水上运动项目，使人们在观赏之余可以得到更多的乐趣。对“保护开发价值一般”的地带，要对其采取相应的保护，使得天柱山的其他区域在开发的时候可以得到空间上的支持。
[Abstract]:The establishment of geopark is the most effective method to protect geological relics.In the history of the formation and evolution of the earth, geological remains are the geological natural heritage left behind by various internal and external dynamic geological processes.Geological relic is an important part of natural heritage and historical culture. It has great value of scientific research and historical and cultural research, and has the characteristics of non-renewable, non-restorative, typical and so on.The exploitation of geological relics can bring social and economic benefits, so it is an objective requirement of social progress to protect geological relics well.The evaluation of geopark is an important foundation for protecting, planning and developing geological relics.With the development of science and technology, GIS (Geographic Information system) has made great progress since the 1960s. It has been widely used in geological hazard prediction, environmental protection and environmental assessment.As a spatial analysis tool, GIS can effectively manage and operate the spatial data of the analyzed objects.In this paper, the evaluation of Tianzhu Mountain Geopark is discussed from the quantitative evaluation based on GIS, and the evaluation system for the geological relics of Tianzhu Mountain Geopark is established.The construction of index system emphasizes natural attribute, value attribute, scenic spot scale and tourism development condition.In this paper, the spatial database of geological relics is established by using GIS, and the Tianzhu Mountain Geopark is evaluated on the basis of this database.In the selection of evaluation methods of Tianzhu Mountain Geopark, the three evaluation methods are weighted linear combination method, order weight average method and ideal point method, which are respectively used to evaluate the geopark.First, the weight of each factor in the index system is calculated by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), then three evaluation methods are used to quantitatively analyze the Tianzhu Mountain Geopark, and the regions are classified according to the score results.The evaluation results are displayed in space by GIS, which makes the evaluation more intuitive and clear.The GIS superposition analysis is used to obtain the comprehensive evaluation results, which makes the evaluation results more scientific and general.The evaluation results are classified into three grades: "high value of protection and development", "medium value of protection and development" and "general value of protection and development".According to the results, the paper evaluates Tianzhu Mountain Geopark from four aspects: natural attribute, value attribute, scenic spot scale and tourism development condition.Finally, suggestions are made for the development and protection of Tianzhu Mountain Geopark. For the "high value of protection and development" zone, the area containing the geological relics of granite landforms can be developed into an ornamental tourist zone.Zones containing UHP metamorphic zones and eclogites are developed as research bases and protection measures are taken.Water sports can be developed in areas containing hydrogeological relics so that people can have more fun while watching.To the zone of "protecting and developing value is common", it is necessary to take corresponding protection, so that other areas of Tianzhu Mountain can get space support when developing.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;TU986

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