区域GPS高程异常拟合及建模方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 20:48

本文选题：高程异常 + GPS高程拟合　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：GPS导航定位以其应用广泛、操作简便、多功能、高效率、全天候、高精度等特点著称。用GPS信号可以进行海、陆、空的导航,导弹的制导,大地测量和工程测量的精密定位,时间的传递和速度的测量等。GPS系统由此展现了极其广阔的应用空间和应用前景。然而GPS在工程测量的应用方面,高精度的GPS大地高却不能直接应用于实际生产使得GPS的三维定位优势不能得到充分发挥。因此,如何进行高精度的GPS高程转换成为了测绘学者们关注并致力于研究的热点问题。本文首先简单概述了GPS的发展现状和GPS高程转换的研究现状,介绍了与GPS高程拟合相关的概念,研究并总结了目前比较成熟的各种GPS高程拟合模型与方法。再以此为基础,引入三次样条函数及其插值函数的定义和性质,构建三次样条高程异常函数,建立新的线状高程异常拟合模型；然后对“移去—恢复”拟合法进行深入探讨,将其本质应用于一般的单一拟合模型中,从而建立起混合拟合模型；并从权的定义和加权的意义出发,将两者与各种单一拟合模型相结合,建成GPS高程拟合的加权综合模型；最后,用三个典型实例对所建立的模型加以验证,实例的计算结果证明所建立的模型可靠,拟合精度良好,这对GPS高程在工程中的实际应用有着重大的意义。
[Abstract]:GPS navigation and positioning is famous for its wide application, simple operation, multifunction, high efficiency, all-weather, high precision and so on. GPS signal can be used for navigation of sea, land and air, missile guidance, precise positioning of geodetic and engineering survey, time transfer and velocity measurement. However, in the application of GPS in engineering survey, the high precision GPS geodetic height can not be directly applied to the actual production, which makes the advantage of 3D positioning of GPS not to be fully developed. Therefore, how to carry out high-precision GPS elevation conversion has become a hot issue that the surveying and mapping scholars pay attention to and devote themselves to. In this paper, the development status of GPS and the research status of GPS height conversion are briefly summarized, the concepts related to GPS height fitting are introduced, and various GPS height fitting models and methods are studied and summarized. On this basis, the definition and property of cubic spline function and its interpolation function are introduced, and the cubic spline height anomaly function is constructed, and a new linear height anomaly fitting model is established. The essence of the model is applied to the general single fitting model, and then the mixed fitting model is established, and the weighted synthesis model of GPS height fitting is built by combining the two models with each single fitting model from the meaning of the definition of weight and the weight of weight. Finally, three typical examples are used to verify the established model. The calculation results of the example show that the established model is reliable and the fitting accuracy is good, which is of great significance to the practical application of GPS elevation in engineering.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P228.4

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