基于GIS的城市绿地应急避险功能评价与辅助系统开发

发布时间：2018-04-27 11:08

本文选题：GIS + 城市公共绿地　；参考：《江苏师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市是一定区域内政治、经济、文化、人口的集中之地和中心所在。一旦遭遇灾害，势必造成重大损失。而城市绿地系统是城市有生命力的基础设施，是改善和维护城市生态安全的重要载体。尤其在紧急灾害发生时，城市绿地系统能够作为城市人口紧急避险、疏散转移或临时安置的重要场所。因此，城市在进行公共绿地规划时，应当把应急避险纳入考虑范围。随着徐州市城市绿化全面推进，城市绿地面积规划得到十足地发展，如何提高城市居民应急避险的水平，完善城市公共绿地的服务设施，如何提高城市公共绿地应急避险场所的规划层次，加强改进城市公共绿地综合性功能。将是城市绿地规划急待解决的重大课题。本研究基于公共绿地分布格局的评价指标体系，应用GIS空间分析方法对徐州市城市人口进行空间分布分析，通过格网内插泰森多边形最终得到徐州市人口密度分布，并基于服务区半径等级分类进行缓冲区分析。然后，通过GIS的叠置分析方法，对人口密度分布和城市绿地缓冲区进行分析，由此评价徐州市城市公共绿地应急避险功能体系的规划。最终为建立完善的公共绿地应急避险体系提供依据。同时，应用地理信息系统的ArcGIS Engine组件式开发技术，以评价公共绿地的服务能力为基本手段，集数据库的查询、管理、表达为一体，实现了图文一体化，满足应急避险的基本需求。本文主要工作概括如下： 1、以基于遥感影像与矢量数据提取的绿地信息，道路交通网和已知资料为基础构建相应的系统数据库，，包含空间数据和属性数据。 2、网格内插泰森多边形人口密度分布分析。针对人口空间分布与规划评价关系，采用基于GIS的人口空间分布模拟，使用网格内插泰森多边形的人口密度分布，更加深入的研究城市公共绿地的可达性和服务范围分析。 3、基于ArcGIS Engine组件式开发，实现了公共绿地应急救援辅助信息系统。系统具有查询功能、分析功能，管理功能，并且可操作性强，界面简单。
[Abstract]:Cities are the political, economic, cultural, and population centers of a given region. In the event of a disaster, it is bound to cause great losses. Urban green space system is a vital infrastructure and an important carrier to improve and maintain urban ecological security. Especially in the emergency disaster, urban green space system can be used as an important place for emergency shelter, evacuation and temporary resettlement of urban population. Therefore, cities should take emergency risk avoidance into account when planning public green space. With the comprehensive promotion of urban greening in Xuzhou, urban green space area planning has been fully developed. How to improve the level of emergency risk avoidance for urban residents and improve the service facilities of urban public green space, How to improve the planning level of urban public green space emergency safe havens and strengthen the comprehensive function of urban public green space. It will be an urgent problem to be solved in urban green space planning. Based on the evaluation index system of the distribution pattern of public green space, the spatial distribution of urban population in Xuzhou was analyzed by using GIS spatial analysis method, and the population density distribution of Xuzhou was finally obtained by inserting Tyson polygon into grid. The buffer is analyzed based on the classification of radius of service area. Then, the population density distribution and urban greenbelt buffer zone are analyzed by GIS overlay analysis method, and the planning of emergency risk avoidance system of urban public green space in Xuzhou City is evaluated. Finally, to establish a sound public green space emergency risk avoidance system to provide the basis. At the same time, using the ArcGIS Engine component development technology of GIS, taking evaluating the service ability of public green space as the basic means, collecting the query, management and expression of database, realizing the integration of picture and text. To meet the basic needs of emergency shelter. The main work of this paper is summarized as follows: 1. Based on the green space information extracted from remote sensing image and vector data, the road traffic network and known data, the corresponding system database is constructed, including spatial data and attribute data. 2, the analysis of population density distribution of Tyson polygon. In view of the relationship between population spatial distribution and planning evaluation, the population spatial distribution simulation based on GIS and the population density distribution of Tyson polygon are used to study the accessibility and service range of urban public green space more deeply. 3. Based on ArcGIS Engine component development, the auxiliary information system of public green space emergency rescue is realized. The system has query function, analysis function, management function, and the operation is strong, the interface is simple.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;TP311.52

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