基于GIS的晋江市浅层地下水功能区划研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 08:14

本文选题：功能评价 + 功能区划　；参考：《南京师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：浅层地下水指的是赋存于地下0至60米范围内的地下水,在水文地质结构中位于第一隔水层之上、第一透水层中,一般为潜水,局部为微承压水。具有埋深浅,更新快,易受污染的特征。近年来,不合理开发利用浅层地下水引发了众多的环境问题,急需通过功能区划分来指导浅层地下水的开发利用过程,实现人水和谐。地下水功能评价的结果是功能区划的依据。浅层地下水的功能评价涉及众多的影响因子,本文在分析影响与表征地下水功能的因子的基础上,归纳出地下水功能的驱动、状态和响应因子群并以之作为评价指标体系建立的基础。基于专家经验与知识分别针对浅层地下水的资源、生态和地质环境功能从功能因子群中筛选指标构建浅层地下水的功能评价指标体系并引入层次分析法(AHP)的理论基础来确定功能评价各个指标的权重值,其中浅层地下水资源功能主要包括资源的占有性、可用性、再生性和调节性四个方面,生态功能主要包括植被、土地和水环境三个方面,而地质环境功能主要包括以海水咸水入侵为代表的地下水系统的衰变性方面的内容。在比较综合评价分析模型的基础上,采用加法合成的方法构建浅层地下水功能的综合评价模型,并根据浅层地下水功能区划的总体需求和目标,分别从资源功能、生态功能和地质环境功能三方面建立适宜研究区浅层地下水功能区划的评价分级体系,为地下水功能区划提供依据。根据晋江市地下水实际开发利用情况,建立适宜的功能区划体系。整理晋江市相关的数据和资料,建立属性和空间数据库,应用GIS技术的空间分析功能,对研究区域以行政区为边界剖分格网单元,并依据评价指标体系,评价得出各单元内的单一功能和综合功能强度。在评价结果的基础之上,结合地下水功能区划体系,实现晋江市浅层地下水功能区划分,为有关部门的用水规划提供技术支持,同时也为南方沿海地区浅层地下水功能区划提供参考典范。
[Abstract]:Shallow groundwater refers to the groundwater that exists in the range of 0 to 60 meters. In the hydrogeological structure, it is located above the first layer of water barrier, the first permeable layer is generally phreatic water, and the part is micro-confined water. It has the characteristics of deep burying, quick renewal and easy pollution. In recent years, unreasonable exploitation and utilization of shallow groundwater has caused many environmental problems. It is urgent to guide the development and utilization of shallow groundwater by dividing functional areas to achieve harmony between human and water. The result of groundwater function evaluation is the basis of functional regionalization. The function evaluation of shallow groundwater involves many influencing factors. Based on the analysis of the factors influencing and characterizing the function of groundwater, this paper sums up the driving force of groundwater function. State and response factor groups are taken as the basis for the establishment of evaluation index system. Based on expert experience and knowledge, the shallow groundwater resources, The function of ecological and geological environment selects indexes from the functional factor group to construct the function evaluation index system of shallow groundwater and introduces the theoretical basis of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the weight value of each index of function evaluation. Among them, the function of shallow groundwater resources mainly includes four aspects: possession, availability, regeneration and regulation of resources. Ecological functions mainly include vegetation, land and water environment. The function of geological environment includes the decay of groundwater system represented by salt water intrusion. On the basis of comparative comprehensive evaluation and analysis model, a comprehensive evaluation model of shallow groundwater function is constructed by additive synthesis method, and according to the overall demand and goal of shallow groundwater function regionalization, the resource function is analyzed separately. The evaluation and classification system of the functional zoning of shallow groundwater in the study area is established in three aspects of ecological function and geological environmental function, which provides the basis for the functional regionalization of groundwater. According to the actual development and utilization of groundwater in Jinjiang City, an appropriate functional zoning system was established. Sorting out the relevant data and data of Jinjiang City, establishing attribute and spatial database, applying the spatial analysis function of GIS technology, dividing the grid unit of the study area with the borderline of the study area, and according to the evaluation index system, The single function and the comprehensive function strength of each unit are obtained by evaluation. On the basis of the evaluation results, combining with the groundwater functional zoning system, the paper realizes the division of the shallow groundwater functional areas in Jinjiang City, and provides technical support for the water use planning of the relevant departments. At the same time, it also provides a reference model for the functional zoning of shallow groundwater in the southern coastal area.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;P641.8

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