个人日常出行可达性的测量研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 21:49

本文选题：可达性 + 个人　；参考：《华东师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国经济快速发展的环境下,人们的生活节奏越来越快,日常出行的可达性也就越来越受到人们的重视,这不仅关系到人们日常生活的便利程度,也是城市规划者在评价城市整体规划是否合理以及交通系统是否有效率的重要评价指标之一。之前的学者在可达性的评价方面有着大量的研究成果,但这些成果大多只能评价个人一次出行的可达性,而不能从日常活动这种长期空间行为的角度对个人出行的可达性进行评价,因此这些现有评价方法已不能满足人们对可达性信息的个性化需求。本论文提出了基于个人的日常出行可达性测量模型(IADT),在改进前人可达性模型的基础上归纳了日常生活所需的各类机会,创新性地引入生活圈的概念,并综合考虑了时间和距离参数,所得的指标值能较全面地反映被评价者在城市中日常出行的整体可达性水平。本论文利用ArcGIS的ArcMap软件设计并开发了一套Individual Accessibility Analyst系统(IAA),用来实现IADT模型,计算出具体城市环境下的个人日常出行可达性指数。IAA系统的应用实例为上海市,本论文中首先把IAA系统应用于2012年的上海市闵行区内个人日常出行可达性的评价,可辅助支持个人及家庭住址选择等方面问题；然后把IAA系统应用于对比2006年和2012年的上海市闵行区不同群体的个人日常出行可达性指数,可用来评价上海市闵行区不同群体以及整体交通的可达性变化趋势。通过对这两个实例的研究和实际情况的对比,验证了本论文提出的IADT模型以及IAA系统的合理性和可应用性。最后对IADT模型和IAA系统的研究进行了总结,并对个人日常出行可达性的未来研究提出了一些有待解决的问题。
[Abstract]:With the rapid economic development of our country, people's life tempo is getting faster and faster, and the accessibility of daily travel is paid more and more attention by people, which is not only related to the convenience of people's daily life. It is also one of the important evaluation indexes for urban planners to evaluate whether the overall urban planning is reasonable and whether the traffic system is efficient. Previous scholars have done a lot of research on accessibility evaluation, but most of these results can only be used to evaluate the accessibility of a single trip. However, the accessibility of personal travel can not be evaluated from the perspective of the long-term spatial behavior of daily activities, so these existing evaluation methods can no longer meet the personalized needs of people for reachability information. In this paper, a personal daily travel accessibility measurement model is proposed. On the basis of improving the previous accessibility model, we conclude all kinds of opportunities needed in daily life, and introduce the concept of life circle innovatively. The parameters of time and distance are considered synthetically. The index values can reflect the overall reachability level of the daily trip of the evaluated person in the city. In this paper, a Individual Accessibility Analyst system is designed and developed by using the ArcMap software of ArcGIS, which is used to realize the IADT model. The application example of the personal daily travel accessibility index. IAA system under the specific urban environment is Shanghai. In this paper, firstly, the IAA system is applied to evaluate the daily travel accessibility of individuals in Minhang District of Shanghai in 2012, which can help to support the choice of personal and home addresses. Then the IAA system is applied to compare the daily travel accessibility index of different groups in Minhang District of Shanghai in 2006 and 2012, which can be used to evaluate the trend of accessibility of different groups and the whole traffic in Minhang District of Shanghai. Through the comparison of the two examples, the rationality and applicability of the proposed IADT model and the IAA system are verified. Finally, the research of IADT model and IAA system is summarized, and some problems that need to be solved in the future research of personal daily travel accessibility are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;U491;TP274

【参考文献】