环境因素对GPS连续站位置时序的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 16:55

本文选题：GPS + 环境因素　；参考：《山东理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：环境因素变化导致地表发生形变,环境因素对地表垂直位移的影响约几十毫米,对水平位移的影响为垂直位移的1/3—1/10。环境因素对地表位移的影响严重制约GPS定位精度,因此在精度要求较高的空间大地测量时必须剔除GPS时间序列中环境因素引起的台站位移。本文基于弹性地球的地表负荷理论,采用最新的大气、非潮汐海洋、温度和陆地水数据,利用负荷格林函数或球谐函数将环境因素与台站GPS数据进行卷积积分,分析了环境因素引起的中国地壳运动监测网络的24个GPS基准站的位移变化。并对山东省6个GPS基准站进行了全球性环境因素改正和站点周边环境因素分析,最后将大气负荷、陆地水负荷和非潮汐海洋负荷进行了环境总负荷改正拟合,分析了GPS位移的季节性变化特征。研究表明：环境因素对GPS基准站定位结果的影响主要体现在高程方向,对东方向和北方向位移影响较小。大气负荷对中国地壳监测网络的24个GPS基准站垂直位移影响最大可达16mm,水平位移的影响最大为5mm；非潮汐海洋的影响最大为4mm,温度效应引起的GPS基准站垂直位移最大为lmm。环境因素引起的GPS基准站垂直位移变化具有明显的周期性,大气负荷、非潮汐海洋负荷周年初相位出现在8月份和9月份,半周年初相位出现在12月份和1月份；而温度、大气湿度、陆地水和地下水周年初相位出现在12,1月份,半周年初相位出现在8,9月份,这与我国气候的季节性特征相吻合。大气湿度对山东省GPS基准站垂直位移的影响最大可达7mm,地下水对山东省GPS基准站垂直位移的影响最大可达5mm。对山东省大气负荷、非潮汐海洋负荷、陆地水负荷进行了改正并将总环境负荷改正的拟合与原始GPS残差进行对比,发现环境因素改正可以较好的解释山东省GPS基准站垂直位移变化,对山东省台站垂直位移误差影响约为80%,并进一步分析环境负荷改正与原始GPS观测数据偏差产生原因。本文的主要创新之处：采用最新的全球环境资料,系统的研究大气负荷、非潮汐海洋负荷、温度效应对中国构造大陆24个GPS基准站位移影响,研究结果可以解释GPS观测结果代表真实的地壳形变程度,为GPS数据处理和分析提供参考；首次利用山东地区GPS基准站周边环境因素(大气湿度、地下水),研究GPS基准站周边环境因素对站点垂直位移的影响,研究结果可为相关区域提供参考。
[Abstract]:The change of environmental factors leads to the deformation of the surface. The influence of environmental factors on surface vertical displacement is about tens of millimeters, and the influence on horizontal displacement is 1 / 3 to 1 / 10 of vertical displacement. The influence of environmental factors on surface displacement seriously restricts the positioning accuracy of GPS. Therefore, the station displacement caused by environmental factors in GPS time series must be eliminated in space geodesy with high precision. Based on the surface load theory of the elastic earth, using the latest atmospheric, non-tidal ocean, temperature and land water data, the environmental factors are convolution with the GPS data by using the load Green's function or spherical harmonic function. The displacement changes of 24 GPS reference stations in China crustal movement monitoring network caused by environmental factors are analyzed. The global environmental factors correction and the surrounding environmental factors analysis of six GPS reference stations in Shandong Province are carried out. Finally, the total environmental load correction is carried out by fitting the atmospheric load, land water load and non-tidal ocean load. The seasonal variation characteristics of GPS displacement are analyzed. The results show that the influence of environmental factors on the positioning results of GPS datum station is mainly reflected in the elevation direction, but it has little effect on the displacement in the east and north directions. The influence of atmospheric load on the vertical displacement of 24 GPS reference stations in China's crustal monitoring network is 16mm, and the maximum effect of horizontal displacement is 5mm, while that of non-tidal ocean is 4mm, and that of GPS reference station caused by temperature effect is lmm. The change of vertical displacement of GPS datum station caused by environmental factors has obvious periodicity. The beginning phase of atmospheric load and non-tidal ocean load appears in August and September, the half week early phase appears in December and January, and the temperature, The early phase of atmospheric humidity, land water and groundwater appears in December January and the first half week phase in August and September, which is consistent with the seasonal characteristics of climate in China. The maximum effect of atmospheric humidity on vertical displacement of GPS reference station in Shandong Province is 7 mm, and that of groundwater on vertical displacement of GPS reference station in Shandong Province is up to 5 mm. The atmospheric load, non-tidal ocean load and land water load in Shandong Province are corrected, and the fitting of total environmental load correction is compared with the original GPS residuals. It is found that the correction of environmental factors can better explain the vertical displacement variation of Shandong GPS reference station, and the effect on the vertical displacement error of Shandong station is about 80, and the causes of the deviation between the environmental load correction and the original GPS observation data are further analyzed. The main innovations of this paper are as follows: using the latest global environmental data, the effects of atmospheric load, non-tidal ocean load and temperature effect on the displacement of 24 GPS reference stations in the tectonic continent of China are systematically studied. The results of the study can explain that the GPS observations represent the true degree of crustal deformation and provide a reference for the processing and analysis of GPS data. For the first time, the surrounding environmental factors (atmospheric humidity) of the GPS datum station in Shandong region are used for the first time. In this paper, the influence of surrounding environmental factors on vertical displacement of GPS reference station is studied, and the results can provide reference for relevant areas.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P228.4

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