地下管网三维空间数据模型及自动化精细建模方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-22 11:34

  本文选题：地下管网 + 三维空间数据模型　； 参考：《武汉大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：城市地下管网是城市基础设施建设的重要组成部分,是一座城市能量输送、物质传输、信息传递、排涝减灾和废物排弃的重要载体。作为城市地下空间中的一种重要对象,正承载着日益增长的城市居住人口及城市活动所带来的前所未有的压力,成为了我国城市化建设进程中的重中之重,日益呈现出错综复杂、相互交叠的立体特征,并具有施工不可见性、难度大、投资大、开发后不易改变等特点,因此,实现城市地下管网定位管理精细化、安全监管综合化、应急处置高效化和信息共享全面化已成为地下管网信息管理的本质目标。但是,目前面向地下管网的三维空间数据模型及其相关标准不统一,在数据信息含量、空间表现和分析能力等方面都存在着不足,三维模型缺乏完整的精细化构模和井室内外一体化表达的有效方法,造成了地下管网信息资源在表达和理解上各有不同,共享困难,建成的地下管网3D GIS成为了“信息孤岛”,三维模型建模自动化程度不高且更新困难,难以实现业务融合和协同互联,更无法支撑各种管网专业领域的知识模型。针对以上问题,本文以昆明市地下管网信息应用与共享平台建设为基础,以城市地下管网实体为研究对象,采用理论与应用研究相结合的方法,提出了一种顾及几何、时态、拓扑、语义的一体化的地下管网三维空间数据模型,并在模型基础上,寻求一种自动化程度高、精细化、便于更新维护的三维构模方法。本论文主要的研究工作如下：(1)分析了面向智能管网的地下管网综合管理的需求及其内涵,提出了一体化的地下管网三维空间数据模型。以三维地下管网对象为核心,包含了语义数据模型、几何数据模型和时态数据模型三个部分,通过现实世界中的地下管网→地下管网本体系统→地下管网对象类库→地下管网时空对象的映射和转换,将地下管网实体的几何特征、时间特征、拓扑特征、语义特征有机地结合起来,既便于模型在计算机中得以实现,又保障了语义信息无歧义地传输和执行。(2)提出了基于CSG+Sweep+体布尔运算的混合方法来自动化、完整地建立三维地下管网精细模型的新方法。将地下管网实体分为了抽象化的不规则形体的管点实体、尺寸结构属性驱动的管点实体、拓扑连接关系驱动的管点实体和管段实体四类,不同的实体采用不同的表面数学建模方法,并设计了3种基本几何元素和7种实体对象的数据结构,研究了井室内外一体化表达的方法。(3)研究了地下管网三维模型数据在线更新的方法。针对管网变化后整体生成管网三维模型,时间长而无法满足应急等相关应用需求的难题,采用面向服务的架构(SOA),在服务器和客户端采用XML进行数据交换,实现了管网二维数据变更后,同步在线自动化局部更新管网三维模型数据的技术流程,填补了国内的空白。(4)基于上述研究成果,以昆明市地下管网信息应用与共享平台为原型系统,重点阐述了其中三维系统的实现路线及其建模效果,并以两个真实的应用案例,验证了本文研究成果的可行性、有效性和应用价值。
[Abstract]:Urban underground pipe network is an important part of urban infrastructure construction. It is an important carrier of urban energy transport, material transmission, information transmission, flood disaster reduction and waste disposal. As an important object in urban underground space, it is carrying the unprecedented population and unprecedented urban activities. The pressure has become the most important thing in the process of urbanization in China. It is becoming more and more complicated and overlapping with each other. It has the characteristics of construction imperceptibility, great difficulty, large investment, and not easy to change after development. Therefore, it can realize the fine management of the location and management of the urban underground pipe network, the comprehensive safety supervision and management, the efficient emergency disposal and the high efficiency. The comprehensive information sharing has become the essential goal of the underground pipe network information management. However, the three dimensional spatial data model of underground pipe network and its related standards are not uniform, and there are shortcomings in the data information content, spatial representation and analysis ability, and the three-dimensional model lacks complete fine modeling and interior and exterior integration. The effective method of expression makes the information resources of underground pipe network different in expression and understanding, and the sharing is difficult. The underground pipe network 3D GIS has become "information island". The 3D model modeling is not highly automated and difficult to update. It is difficult to achieve business integration and collaboration, and can not support the knowledge of the professional fields of various pipe networks. In view of the above problems, this paper, based on the construction of information application and sharing platform of underground pipe network in Kunming City, takes the urban underground pipe network entity as the research object and combines theory and application research, and puts forward a three-dimensional spatial data model of underground pipe network considering geometry, temporal, topological and semantic integration. On the basis of the model, a three-dimensional modeling method with high automation, fine and convenient maintenance is sought. The main research work of this paper is as follows: (1) the requirement and connotation of the integrated management of underground pipe network for intelligent pipe network are analyzed, and an integrated three-dimensional spatial data model of underground pipe network is put forward. As the core, it includes three parts: semantic data model, geometric data model and temporal data model. Through the mapping and transformation of underground pipe network, underground pipe network ontology, underground pipe network object class library and underground pipe network, the geometric features, time characteristics, topological features and semantics of the underground pipe network are made. Combining features organically, it can not only facilitate the realization of the model in the computer, but also guarantee the unambiguous transmission and execution of the semantic information. (2) a new method of establishing a fine model of the three-dimensional underground pipe network based on the CSG+Sweep+ Boolean operation is proposed. The tube point entity of the regular form, the pipe point entity driven by the dimension structure attribute, the tube point entity and the tube segment entity driven by the topological connection relation, four kinds, the different entity uses the different surface mathematical modeling method, and designs the data structure of 3 basic geometric elements and 7 entity objects, and studies the method of the integration expression inside and outside the well chamber. (3) the method of online updating of 3D model data of underground pipe network is studied. In view of the problem that the three dimensional model of pipe network is generated after the pipe network changes, it is difficult to meet the requirements of the emergency and other related requirements. The service oriented architecture (SOA) is used to exchange data between the server and the client by XML, and the two dimensional data change of the pipe network is realized. The technical process of synchronizing online automation to update the 3D model data locally, (4) based on the above research results, taking the information application and sharing platform of Kunming underground pipe network as the prototype system, the realization route of the 3D system and its modeling effect are emphatically expounded, and two real application cases are tested. It proves the feasibility, effectiveness and application value of the research results in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P208;TU990.3
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本文编号：1921893