黑龙江省国土资源信息数据高效利用与服务研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 14:21

本文选题：国土资源 + 信息数据　；参考：《东北农业大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：云计算、物联网和GIS技术逐步成为我国未来信息化发展的方向和焦点,一大批围绕着这三种技术的信息化项目投产并创造出令世人瞩目的业绩。随着这些技术的不断成熟,并逐步应用到社会经济等各个专业领域,不仅解决了各领域信息化建设中的各种现实问题,而且促进该领域新的信息利用模式的形成,逐步提高了各领域信息数据的利用效率和实用性。国土领域信息数据作为我国基础资料信息中的重要组成部分,一直被视为重要的信息资源,但是利用效率和直接参与价值生产的程度却很低。尤其是国上资源二次调查以后,1：1万比例尺的国土资源信息数据库完成建设,其信息的利用问题变成为急迫的现实问题。同时随着金土工程建设在黑龙江省的逐步深入,业务应用也逐步转向信息化,其中的业务数据也成为国土资源信息数据利用的重要的组成部分。但是业务数据通常与空间数据是无法衔接的,非专业操作人员,日常工作也无法应用到这些资源数据。因此实际上造成这些数据利用率非常低下。具体原因包括：国土资源领域的信息化存在着基础国土资源二调数据过于详细,而实际国土资源管理业务数据需求相对单一；国土资源数据利用过程过于复杂,专业性和实时性较差,而实际应用时要求数据具有实时性,操作具有简化性,操作平台具有多样性；国土资源数据物理载体呈现个人配置较高,数据中心配置较低,市区县物理资源不平衡,有的国土局只有一台终端服务器,而有的就有小型计算中心。同时市县级物理资源有所闲置而省级资源严重不足等特点。而在实际应用中,无论各级应用,和各节点应用,要求速度、稳定性、安全性都是一样的,不存在差别。国土资源数据呈现多种介质并存的状态,而实际过程中当数字信息稳定并操作方便时,纸介数据几乎不用,但是当数字信息操作过于复杂时,业务审批以纸介为主。因此在实际应用时要求审批操作简单、便捷、流畅、稳定,同时能够简单高效的检索查和询数字化后的物理介质。因此本研究通过云计算、物联网和GIS集成技术,针对黑龙江省国土资源信息利用问题展开研究。目的是通过云计算技术解决现有硬件设施不变的情况下最大限度的提高其计算能力和提供信息服务的模式,通过物联网技术提高国土资源数据的实时性,通过GIS技术解决平台建设和多平台应用等问题。进而形成黑龙江省国土资源数据高效利用模型和服务平台。具体方法如下,根据针对黑龙江省国土信息化建设现状和金土工程实施3年来所集中体现的问题,深入调研,收集整理包括国土信息业务流程、日常数据利用形式、省市县包括服务器在内的物理资源情况、以及国土工作人员对信息系统的迫切需求。在这些基础资料的基础上进行需求分析,提出模型构建和平台建设目标,包括：提高物理资源使用率,优化空间数据并与业务数据相结合,可以在多平台上无缝衔接使用,以及不同地区、不同种类、不同性能服务器集群负载均衡问题。根据建设目标,采用基于匈牙利算法的资源调度模型和节点缓存模型构建的负载均衡技术和资源池化技术,解决硬件物理资源分配问题。采用根据物联网技术特点与云计算相互集成,解决实时数据无缝衔接,空间数据与业务数据结合应用问题。根据GIS二次开发技术,以云计算中心数据为支撑,集成传感器接口实现国土资源信息数据服务平台建设。本研究的开发与实验地点选在黑龙江工程学院云计算及大数据技术实验室进行,采用8台IBM System x3850X5(7145N02)服务器模拟黑龙江省金土工程专网中的104台服务器,其中包括业务数据服务器、GIS服务器、备份服务器等不同类型服务器;1台IBM Systemx3650M3(7945O85)测试服务器模拟使用终端；1台联想ThinkStation E30(7824A35)工作站进行系统配置及模型部署：1台H3C S12500核心路由交换机模拟金土工程专网网络情况。实验平台部署VMware workstation虚拟近104台服务器和终端的操作系统,并部署金土工程等相关软件环境。采用CloudSim补充一定数量临时虚拟服务器、编写模型策略并对系统进行测试。业务平台软件开发运行环境还包括：ArcGIS、JavaScript、Dojo、Oracle等。测试软件使用LoadRunner进行压力和性能测试。通过测试,同时并发用户达到2000以上：事务执行速率1008个／秒；,错误率不到万分之一,比原有金上工程性能提高进50%。全省近200家国土一线单位,每单位10名业务人员同时操作计算,完全满足黑龙江省现有国土资源信息利用的需要。同时不仅平台在性能指标上完全高于现有的金土工程系统平台,而且提高了全省各地服务器的使用效率各尽所需,而且还增加多平台使用能力。因此,根据本研究成果,建议黑龙江省国土资源信息化建设中可首先依托省国土厅、哈尔滨市国土资源局和大庆市国土资源局,首先建立资源调度服务器和数据备份中心；再在各省市县金土工程服务器中设置节点策略优化软件,建立节点缓存层,并与调度服务器实现数据交换；接着逐步在省市县三级完善图件服务器的配置,上级计算力充裕的地区要为下级地区准备图件服务器或虚拟图件服务器：再逐步将县级服务器只转变为业务服务器,只提供业务数据的交流功能：最后对整体系统进行升级,达到功能操作简单化,应用平台多元化,信息响应实时化,检索查询快捷化的下一代金土工程平台的基本标准。综上所述,本研究根据黑龙江省国土资源信息数据利用现状和具体问题,采用云计算、物联网和GIS集成技术,建立了一整套资源高效利用模型,构建了高效利用服务平台,经过测试满足黑龙江省国土资源管理过程中对信息化建设的需求。因此本研究对黑龙江省未来国上资源信息化建设提供可以借鉴和参考的依据。并能够在现有物理资源基础上最小成本的解决局部资源闲置和局部计算力稀缺的问题,体现了本研究具有一定的经济价值。同时本研究能够带动资源合理分配,根据用户使用特点,均衡资源之间的关系,释放部分资源,达到节能减排的目标,又体现了本研究的社会价值。总之本研究对黑龙江省国土资源信息高效利用提供的技术依据和改造原则,最大程度的提高了国土资源信息的高效利用问题,具有现实意义。
[Abstract]:Cloud computing , Internet of Things and GIS technology have gradually become the direction and focus of our country ' s future information development .

As an important part of the information of basic information in our country , the information data in the land area has been regarded as an important information resource , but the utilization efficiency and the direct participation in value production are very low .
Land resource data utilization process is too complex , professional and real - time performance is poor , while actual application requires data to be real - time , operation is simplified , operation platform has diversity ;
Land resource data physical carrier presents the characteristics of high personal configuration , low data center configuration , imbalance of physical resources in urban districts , and small computing center . In practice , the data of county level has the same status of idle and provincial resources . However , when the digital information is stable and the operation is convenient , the data of paper is mostly paper . Therefore , when the digital information is stable and the operation is convenient , the paper is mainly used in the process .

This paper studies the information utilization of the land resources in Heilongjiang Province through cloud computing , Internet of Things and GIS integration technology . The aim is to improve the real - time performance of the data of the land resources through the Internet of Things technology , solve the problems of platform construction and multi - platform application through the technology of Internet of Things , and then form the high - efficient utilization model and service platform of the land resource data in Heilongjiang Province .

The concrete method is as follows : according to the present situation of land information construction in Heilongjiang Province and the implementation of Jinshi Project in three years , deeply research and collect the physical resources including the land information business process , the daily data utilization form , the provincial and municipal districts , including the server , and the urgent need of the national staff to the information system .

The development and experimental sites of this research are selected in the cloud computing and the Big Data Technology Laboratory of Heilongjiang Engineering College . Eight IBM System x3850X5 ( 7145 N02 ) servers are used to simulate 104 servers in the Golden Soil Engineering Network of Heilongjiang Province , including different types of servers such as business data server , GIS server , backup server , etc . One IBM Systemx3650M3 ( 7945O85 ) test server simulates the use terminal ;
The system configuration and model deployment is made on the workstation ( 7824A35 ) , which is based on the 1 H 3C S12500 core routing switch .

The experimental platform deploys VMware workstation virtual close to 104 servers and the operating system of the terminal , and deploys the related software environment , such as the gold soil engineering , etc . A certain number of temporary virtual servers is added to the experimental platform , the model strategy is written and the system is tested . The business platform software development operation environment further comprises : ArcGIS , JavaScript , Dojo , Oracle , etc . The test software uses LoadRunner to perform pressure and performance testing .

Through testing , concurrent users can reach more than 2000 : the transaction execution rate is 1008 cycles / sec ;
At the same time , the performance index of the platform is completely higher than that of the existing gold soil engineering system platform , and the use efficiency of the servers in the whole province is increased , and the use capacity of the multi - platform is increased .

Therefore , according to the research results , it is suggested that the resource dispatching server and data backup center can be first established in the information construction of the land resources of Heilongjiang Province .
the node strategy optimization software is arranged in the gold soil engineering server in the municipal districts of each province , the node cache layer is established , and the data exchange is realized with the dispatching server ;
Then step - by - step to improve the configuration of the map - piece server in the county level of the province and the city , and the area of the superior calculation power is to prepare the map server or the virtual map server for the lower - level area : the county - level server is converted into the service server , and only the communication function of the service data is provided : finally , the whole system is upgraded , the function operation is simplified , the application platform is diversified , the information response is real - time , and the basic standard of the next - generation golden soil engineering platform is searched and inquired .

In conclusion , according to the present situation and specific problems of information data utilization in Heilongjiang Province , this paper establishes a whole set of resources efficient utilization model by using cloud computing , Internet of Things and GIS integration technology , and constructs an efficient utilization service platform .
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208

【参考文献】