多元空间位置数据集成和服务方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 03:24

本文选题：地名 + 地址　；参考：《南京师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着空间位置信息在社会信息关联应用中的逐步推广,应用的需求更加复杂,对空间位置数据服务的准确性要求进一步提高,空间位置数据集成管理与服务的必要性愈发强烈。地名、地址和兴趣点作为空间位置信息重要的组成部分,在公安、民政、测绘等部门有着广泛的业务应用,它们在语义描述、几何位置、时间序列等方面有着紧密的内在一致性。因此,集成地名、地址、兴趣点是解决现有空间位置数据服务问题的一项重要内容。本文针对现有地名、地址、兴趣点数据之间关联关系缺失、数据管理分散、数据服务单一等问题,围绕“数据关联-数据管理.数据服务”的技术路线,重点研究多元空间位置数据关联与检索方法,为多元空间位置数据集成管理与服务奠定基础,为城市规划、物流运输、人口管理等空间位置应用提供技术支撑。主要的研究内容和成果包括以下三个方面：(1)多元空间位置数据关联与集成：归纳总结了地名、地址、POI数据的数据特征和关联关系,设计了多元空间位置关联模型。根据地名、地址、POI之间的关联性,从语义描述相似性、几何位置相似性、时间序列关系三个方面,通过语义描述的相似性,结合几何位置的邻近性及时间序列关系的判断,设计了地名与地址、地址与POI的关联方法。以南京市的地名、地址数据为例对关联方法进行了实验验证分析,取得了94.20%的召回率和80.14%的正确率。分析了多元空间位置数据在集成管理过程遇到的管理更新问题,设计了相应的集成管理处理方法。(2)多元空间位置数据检索与服务：在现有的空间位置数据检索的基础上,结合多元空间位置数据特点,设计了适用于多元空间位置数据的索引结构。在检索过程中,根据对检索信息的解析结果,组合成不同的检索条件。并从不同的角度和应用需求对检索结果进行重排序。并以南京市的地名、地址、POI数据为例,对本文设计的多元空间位置数据检索模型进行了实验测试分析,在开放测试环境下取得了92.64%的召回率和87.54%的正确率。并按照OGC的WFS-G服务标准制定了多元空间位置数据服务的接口规范。(3)多元空间位置数据集成和服务原型系统研发：在上述研究基础上,设计了多元空间位置数据集成和服务原型系统,实现了多元空间位置数据关联、管理和检索等功能。研究结果表明,采用基于语义描述相似性和几何位置相似性相结合的方法能够有效的提高多元空间位置数据的关联效率；基于全文检索和空间位置数据特征相结合的多元空间位置数据检索模型能够提供比传统的层级要素检索和基本的全文检索更准确的检索结果。
[Abstract]:With the gradual promotion of spatial location information in the application of social information association, the requirement of application is more complex, the accuracy of spatial location data service is further improved, and the necessity of integrated management and service of spatial location data is becoming more and more intense. As an important part of spatial location information, place names, addresses and points of interest are widely used in public security, civil affairs, surveying and mapping departments. They are used in semantic description, geometric location, etc. Time series and other aspects have close internal consistency. Therefore, the integration of place names, addresses and points of interest is an important part of solving the problem of existing spatial location data services. In this paper, we focus on the problems of lack of association relation between the existing toponyms, addresses and points of interest, scattered data management and single data service, etc., which revolve around "data association-data management". The technical route of "data Service", focusing on the research of multi-spatial location data association and retrieval methods, laying the foundation for the integration management and service of multi-spatial location data, for urban planning, logistics transportation, Space location applications such as population management provide technical support. The main research contents and achievements include the following three aspects: (1) Multi-spatial location data association and integration: summarized the data characteristics and correlation relations of place names, address POI data, and designed a multi-dimensional spatial location correlation model. According to the relation between place name and address POI, from three aspects of semantic description similarity, geometric position similarity and time series relation, the similarity of semantic description and the judgment of geometric position proximity and time series relation are combined. The relation method of place name and address, address and POI is designed. Taking the place names and address data of Nanjing as an example, the correlation method is verified and analyzed, and the recall rate of 94.20% and the correct rate of 80.14% are obtained. This paper analyzes the management update problem of multivariate spatial location data in the process of integrated management, and designs the corresponding integrated management processing method .z2) multivariate spatial location data retrieval and service: based on the existing spatial location data retrieval, According to the characteristics of multivariate spatial position data, the index structure suitable for multivariate spatial position data is designed. In the process of retrieval, different retrieval conditions are combined according to the analytical results of retrieval information. The retrieval results are reordered from different angles and application requirements. Taking the location and address POI data of Nanjing as an example, this paper tests and analyzes the multivariate spatial location data retrieval model designed in this paper. The recall rate of 92.64% and the correct rate of 87.54% are obtained under the open test environment. And according to the WFS-G service standard of OGC, the interface specification of multivariate spatial location data service is established, I. e., the integration of multivariate spatial location data and the development of service prototype system: on the basis of the above research, A prototype system of multi-spatial location data integration and service is designed, and the functions of multi-spatial location data association, management and retrieval are realized. The results show that the method based on semantic description similarity and geometric position similarity can effectively improve the correlation efficiency of multivariate spatial location data. The multivariate spatial location data retrieval model based on the combination of full-text retrieval and spatial location data features can provide more accurate retrieval results than traditional hierarchical element retrieval and basic full-text retrieval.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P208

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