基于GIS的土壤风蚀模型软件设计与实现

发布时间：2018-05-31 12:04

本文选题：地理信息系统 + 土壤风蚀　；参考：《北京林业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国是受到土壤风蚀灾害较为严重的国家之一,尤其以西部干旱地区最为严重,每年给国家带来巨大经济损失,并严重影响了生态环境安全和社会经济发展。针对土壤风蚀模数的定量化计算,我国对土壤风蚀模型真正意义上的定量化研究开始于上个世纪六十年代。半个世纪以来,土壤风蚀模型研究方面有了很大突破,但多集中于理论研究,针对土壤风蚀的信息化应用、快速估算和灾害预警方面的研发和应用并不多,因此亟需建立一套基于GIS的土壤风蚀模型软件,为风蚀量快速计算、风蚀强度统计和风蚀灾害变化规律提供信息服务支持。因此,本文基于DTGIS核心平台结合数据库技术研发出一套土壤风蚀模型软件,为计算大尺度土壤风蚀量和风蚀强度分级提供了服务平台和技术支持,实现土壤风蚀数据的可视化与系统化管理,同时也为指导农业、林业生产建设提供了科学依据。本文研究成果主要分为以下几个方面： (1)通过对国内外土壤风蚀模型文献的查阅和研究,确定了适合计算新疆地区土壤风蚀的模型,并对模型加以修正,为风蚀模型的计算提供了理论支持。(2)通过对土壤风蚀监测业务需求的全面分析,选择了适合土壤风蚀模型系统的技术路线,包括底层平台的选择、软件前端技术的选择、数据库的选择和栅格数据处理方案,通过需求分析确定了系统的实施方案。(3)在前期系统设计的基础上,通过代码开发将理论化模型计算公式转换为可操作的软件功能,为用户提供了GIS查询功能、站点数据管理、风力因子计算、土壤侵蚀模数计算、土壤侵蚀强度分级、时间分析、空间分析等功能服务,为研究区土壤风蚀量的计算、分级和分析提供了技术支持。(4)利用新疆阿克苏地区的实测数据对软件进行了测试,并对计算结果进行了简要分析。
[Abstract]:Our country is one of the countries which is seriously affected by the soil erosion, especially in the arid areas of the west, which brings huge economic losses to the country every year, and seriously affects the security of ecological environment and the development of social economy. According to the quantitative calculation of soil wind erosion modulus, the research on the real meaning of soil wind erosion model in China began in the sixties of last century. In the past half century, great breakthroughs have been made in the research of soil wind erosion models, but most of them are focused on theoretical research. For the information application of soil wind erosion, the research and development and application of rapid estimation and early warning of disasters are few. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a soil wind erosion model software based on GIS to provide information support for the rapid calculation of wind erosion amount, wind erosion intensity statistics and wind erosion disaster change law. Therefore, based on the core platform of DTGIS and database technology, a set of soil wind erosion model software is developed in this paper, which provides a service platform and technical support for the calculation of large-scale soil wind erosion and wind erosion intensity classification. The visualization and systematic management of soil wind erosion data can also provide scientific basis for guiding agriculture and forestry production and construction. The research results of this paper are divided into the following aspects: 1) through consulting and studying the literature of soil wind erosion model at home and abroad, the model suitable for calculating soil wind erosion in Xinjiang is determined, and the model is modified. It provides theoretical support for the calculation of wind erosion model. (2) through the comprehensive analysis of the operational requirements of soil wind erosion monitoring, the technical route suitable for the soil wind erosion model system is selected, including the selection of the underlying platform and the choice of software front-end technology. The selection of database and raster data processing scheme, through requirement analysis, the implementation scheme of the system is determined. On the basis of the previous system design, the theoretical model calculation formula is converted into an operable software function through code development. It provides GIS query function, site data management, wind factor calculation, soil erosion modulus calculation, soil erosion intensity classification, time analysis, spatial analysis and so on. The software is tested by using the measured data in Aksu area, Xinjiang, and the calculation results are analyzed briefly.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：S157;P208;TP311.52

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