基于WebGIS的铁路绿色选线决策支持系统研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 21:43

本文选题：WebGIS + 铁路绿色选线　；参考：《中南大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：通过借鉴近年来国内外关于公路、铁路选线的成熟设计理念,并考察我国实际情况和铁路选线设计的特点,本论文提出了基于WebGIS铁路绿色选线决策支持系统(GRASDW)的系统性解决方案,该方案基于软件工程和WebGIS技术,兼顾专业的分析问题的能力和综合运用知识的能力,集高效、高性能和跨空间动态分布于一体,是具有人性化及和谐的人机交互设计的绿色选线系统。本文在国家自然科学基金面上项目(51078361)的资助下,进行了以下几个方面的工作： 1)提出了GRASDW面向对象建模方法,并确定了铁路绿色选线设计领域对象。通过借鉴决策支持系统开发经验,根据铁路选线对其对象模型的提取、解析以及交互操作等需求,采用面向对象抽象方法建立出铁路绿色选线设计方案,并确立了对象在GRASDW中的价值和作用；结合GRASDW特点,提出使用面向对象的统一建模语言(UML)和Microsoft Visio组成线路对象的理念；最后构建了铁路绿色选线设计的领域对象,包括线路决策知识、线路对象和选线地理环境的影响。 2)提出了基于WebGIS的铁路绿色选线决策支持系统的跨空间和跨平台动态系统的实现。基于WebGIS技术可跨空间、跨平台的应用方式,相关数据可以随时记录或者修改,这就使得面向计算机和面向选线领域人员可以通过网络查看决策知识,随时随地和全局保持联系。通过采用WebGIS技术服务,各部门、各站点都可以直接访问到最新的信息和数据,从而实现信息的动态变化,以及异地同步更新。 3)分析了铁路工程对其沿线主要生态敏感区和脆弱区、水土流失、野生动植物和土地的生态环境的影响效应,并对其影响进行了定量分析。选线系统通过结合生态环境信息的分析值和属性值,建立了存储可扩展的生态环境信息的数据库,为铁路绿色选线方案的优选提供了可靠的决策依据。 4)提出了铁路绿色选线决策系统的选线方案。利用对象方法抽象出与选线领域紧密联系的生态环境,并用面向对象技术和UML来描述线路对象；依据铁路绿色选线系统设计的需求,抽象出了多目标决策问题中对象的求解方法,并根据多层筛选“生成——筛选——改进”的办法优化。采用网线栅格最优路径方法分析线路设计平面生成案例,利用16单元的骑士邻域单元模式,并且改进Dijkstra算法,使其在多个线路控制点间生成线路最优值,根据最优值计算出线路方案初始平面图。 5)实现了绿色选线决策方案的生成。为证明所提出的技术方案和方法的科学性及可行性,实现了基于WebGIS的铁路绿色选线决策系统,描述了系统体系的结构、模型的建模方法和各个模块的主要功能,并得出了与实验一致的结果。最后表明了论文理论的正确性和系统方法的可行性。论文的研究方法和理论结果可为其它铁路选线或可持续发展选线的实现提供参考和操作方法。虽然本文的研究是针对新建铁路路线设计的,但其结果经过一定改进可用于既有线改建设计及增建二线,也可用于类似公路路线系统的开发。该研究结论还可作为其它铁路选线设计中具有类似特点的动态决策过程或土木工程设计的参考依据。
[Abstract]:By drawing on the mature design ideas about highway and railway line selection at home and abroad in recent years, and investigating the actual situation of our country and the characteristics of railway line selection design, a systematic solution based on the WebGIS railway green line selection decision support system (GRASDW) is proposed in this paper. The scheme is based on software engineering and WebGIS technology, taking into account the analysis of professional analysis. It is a green line selection system with humanized and harmonious human-computer interaction design with the ability of problem and the ability of comprehensive application of knowledge, which integrates high efficiency, high performance and cross space dynamic distribution.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51078361), the following work has been done:
1) the object-oriented modeling method of GRASDW is put forward, and the object of railway green line selection is determined. By drawing on the experience of the development of the decision support system, according to the requirement of the extraction, analysis and interaction of the object model of the railway line selection, the design of the railway green line selection is established by the object oriented abstract method. Like the value and function of GRASDW, combining the features of GRASDW, the idea of using Object Oriented Unified Modeling Language (UML) and Microsoft Visio to form the line object is proposed. Finally, the field objects of railway green line selection are constructed, including the knowledge of line decision, the influence of line objects and the geographical environment of line selection.
2) the implementation of the cross space and cross platform dynamic system for the WebGIS based railway green line selection decision support system is proposed. Based on the WebGIS technology, the application mode of cross space and cross platform can be recorded or modified at any time. This makes the personnel of the computer oriented and line oriented field can view the decision knowledge through the network. Through the use of WebGIS technology services, departments and sites can directly access the latest information and data, so as to achieve dynamic changes in information and synchronous update in different places.
3) the effects of the railway engineering on the ecological environment of the main ecological sensitive areas and the fragile areas along the line, soil erosion, wild animals and plants and the ecological environment of the land are analyzed, and the quantitative analysis of its influence is carried out. By combining the analysis value and the attribute value of the ecological environment information, the system builds a database to store the extensible ecological environment information. It provides reliable decision basis for the optimization of railway green line selection plan.
4) a line selection scheme for the decision system of railway green line selection is proposed. The object method is used to abstract the ecological environment closely related to the field of line selection, and the line object is described with object oriented technology and UML. According to the requirement of the design of the railway green line selection system, the method of solving the object in the multi-objective decision problem is abstracted. The layer screening "generation - Screening - improvement" method is optimized. The network line grid optimal path method is used to analyze line design plane generation case, and the 16 unit chivalry neighborhood unit model is used, and the Dijkstra algorithm is improved to generate the optimal line between multiple line control points, and the initial line scheme is calculated according to the optimal value. The beginning plan.
5) realizing the generation of green line selection decision scheme. In order to prove the scientific and feasibility of the proposed technical scheme and method, the railway green line selection decision system based on WebGIS is realized, the structure of the system system, the modeling method of the model and the main work energy of each module are described, and the results consistent with the experiment are obtained. Finally, it shows that the system is consistent with the experiment. The correctness of the thesis theory and the feasibility of the system method are discussed.
The research methods and theoretical results of this paper can provide reference and operation methods for the implementation of other railway line selection or sustainable development line selection. Although the study of this paper is designed for the new railway route, the results can be improved for the redesign of the existing railway lines and the additional two lines, and can also be used for the opening of the similar highway route system. This research conclusion can also be used as a reference for other dynamic decision-making processes or civil engineering designs in railway alignment design.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;U212.32

【相似文献】