地基GPS反演大气可降水量在昆明地区的应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 04:00

本文选题：地基GPS + 大气可降水量　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,地基GPS反演大气可降水量技术已经在气象领域开始得到广泛的研究应用。本文主要利用bjfs站、shao站、1haz站和kunm站四个IGS站还有lqua站、tanz站、xiah站、shil站和qinl站五个区域CORS站共九个站2012年全年的连续观测数据,对大气可降水量测定的理论、方法以及误差进行分析。而本文的重点内容是如何利用GAMIT软件对大批量GPS观测数据进行自动批处理及相关数据提取,并对解算结果进行综合分析,从而得到了有益的结论。本文主要的研究内容有： (1)首先介绍了大气水汽监测的重要性以及传统探测大气水汽的手段及不足,重点说明地基GPS探测大气水汽的特点以及优势,并对GPS反演大气水汽含量的过程进行了论述。 (2)GAMIT软件是处理GPS数据的高精度解算软件,在应用过程中如何通过编写数据自动批处理命名脚本来完成数据处理解算以及相关数据提取的自动化,从而提高数据处理流程的效率是本文的研究内容之一。 (3)将加权平均温度局地化是本文的重点之一。本文利用昆明的探空资料,通过统计的方法,建立可昆明地区局部加权平均温度计算模型,并对其精度进行分析。对Bevis经验模型公式在昆明地区的适用性分析表明Bevis经验模型在昆明也是适用的。 (4)通过对bjfs站有无实时气象数据参与的两种处理结果的分析,得到了有无实时气象数据对GPS反演大气可降水量精度的影响。对不同测站之间的数据解算结果进行分析表明GPS/PWV总量除了受到海拔高度的影响,局部GPS/PWV总量还将受到地理纬度、大气环流、地形地貌等其他因素的影响。 (5)对Kunm站、lqua站、qinl站、shil站、tanz站、xiah站这六个CORS站的数据分析表明,昆明GPS/PWV月变化明显,12月GPS/PWV值维持在一年中的最低位置,3月开始逐渐增加,7月达到全年最高,8-12月GPS/PWV值逐渐变小。而且昆明地区平均GPS/PWV值的季节变化特征与季风气候下低纬度高原干湿季分明,干季一般为11月到次年4月,雨季一般为5月到10月的气候特征对应较好。 (6)对Kunm站、lqua站、qinl站、shil站、tanz站、xiah站这六个CORS站的数据分析表明滇池对周边区域上空的大气可降水量有影响,处在滇池周边不同方向的位置所受影响的程度不一样,主要受到滇池流域气候风向的影响。 (7)对昆明5.24和北京7.21暴雨过程进行研究表明当GPS可降水量的快速增加、呈现高值以及相对于平均值出现较大偏差时说明大气中水汽在急剧上升,这就为降雨提供充沛的水汽条件,满足了降雨的条件之一。所以这对强降水天气预报具有较好的指示意义。
[Abstract]:At present, ground-based GPS inversion of atmospheric precipitable water has been widely used in the field of meteorology. In this paper, the theory of atmospheric precipitation measurement is based on the continuous data of nine stations in 2012 from four bjfs stations and four kunm stations, as well as the five regional cors stations from lqua station, Guanz station, Shishil station and qinl station, in the whole year of 2012. Method and error analysis. The key content of this paper is how to use Gamit software to carry on the automatic batch processing and the correlation data extraction to the massive GPS observation data, and carries on the synthesis analysis to the solution result, thus obtains the beneficial conclusion. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the importance of atmospheric water vapor monitoring and the traditional methods and shortcomings of detecting atmospheric water vapor are introduced, and the characteristics and advantages of ground-based GPS in detecting atmospheric water vapor are emphasized. The process of inversion of atmospheric water vapor content by GPS is also discussed. In the process of application, how to write automatic batch naming script to complete the automation of data processing solution and related data extraction, Therefore, improving the efficiency of the data processing process is one of the research contents in this paper, and the localization of weighted average temperature is one of the emphases of this paper. Based on the sounding data of Kunming and the statistical method, a local weighted average temperature calculation model for Kunming area is established and its accuracy is analyzed. An analysis of the applicability of the Bevis empirical model formula in Kunming area shows that the Bevis empirical model is also applicable in Kunming. The influence of real-time meteorological data on the accuracy of GPS retrieval of atmospheric precipitable water is obtained. The analysis of the data solution between different stations shows that apart from the influence of altitude, the local GPS / PWV will also be affected by geographical latitude and atmospheric circulation. Effect of other factors, such as topography and geomorphology. The monthly change of Kunming GPS / PWV is obvious. In December, the value of GPS / PWV kept at the lowest position in a year, and gradually increased in March, and reached the highest in July. The value of GPS / PWV gradually decreased in August to December. Moreover, the seasonal variation characteristics of the average GPS / PWV value in Kunming are distinct from the dry and wet seasons in the low-latitude plateau in the monsoon climate. The dry season is usually from November to April of the following year. In the rainy season, the climatic characteristics from May to October correspond well. The data analysis of the six cors stations at Qulqua station and Qinl station in Kunm station and Shishil station in Huixiah station shows that Dianchi Lake has an effect on the precipitation of the atmosphere over the surrounding area. The influence of different directions around Dianchi Lake is different, which is mainly affected by the climatic wind direction of Dianchi Lake Basin. The study on the heavy rain process of Kunming 5.24 and Beijing 7.21 shows that the precipitation of GPS increases rapidly. The high value and the large deviation from the average value indicate that the water vapor in the atmosphere is rising sharply, which provides abundant water vapor conditions for rainfall and satisfies one of the conditions of rainfall. Therefore, it has a good indicative significance for the forecast of heavy precipitation weather.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P228.4;P426.6

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