基于GIS的城市大气质量评价系统设计、实现及案例分析

发布时间：2018-06-09 14:30

本文选题：地理信息系统 + 大气污染扩散模型　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：在环境污染日益加重的情况下，人民越发认识到大气环境保护的重要性，亟需对城市大气环境质量进行全面、客观的评价，传统的数值模拟方法无法形象直观的体现出污染在空间中的扩散情况，而地理信息系统(GIS)具有良好的空间属性承载能力。将GIS和大气现状评价模型集成，可以发挥GIS的空间分析和空间数据处理的优势。本文以合肥市为例，探讨了基于GIS的合肥市大气环境质量评价系统建设。该系统的总体设计思想是采用.NET平台和ArcEngine组件开发，并辅以插件技术，通过ArcSDE和专门开发的数据接口，管理和转换空间数据及属性数据，进行动态数据的交换。研究内容主要包括以下几个部分： (1)从地理信息系统二次开发的原则要求、数据库设计和建设、总体设计等方面对本次系统进行分析，并对GIS与大气质量评价模型结合进行探讨，对合肥市大气环境质量评价系统的建设进行论证。 (2)进行了大气环境质量评价系统数据库的设计和构建、系统总体框架的搭建。对GIS与大气质量评价模型结合的框架、结合方案、计算流程进行了介绍，初步探讨了GIS技术在大气质量模型建模过程中的应用。 (3)由大气污染扩散模型的分类以及模型的特点对大气环境质量模型进行了分析，针对合肥市气候特征、污染气象条件以及各项大气污染扩散参数的计算，，提出了大气环境质量评价模型的设计理论与编程方法。 (4)利用GIS的空间分析功能，分别用基于合肥市监测点位的监测数据和基于网格评价的模拟数据两种方法，建立了基于GIS的合肥市大气质量评价模型。其中基于网格评价的模拟是计算出每个网格的浓度值大小，生成基于网格和等值线的污染浓度专题图，实现了污染源的可视化管理。
[Abstract]:In the context of increasing environmental pollution, people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of the protection of the atmospheric environment and there is an urgent need for a comprehensive and objective assessment of the quality of the urban atmospheric environment, The traditional numerical simulation method can not visualize the diffusion of pollution in space, and GIS (Geographic Information system) has a good bearing capacity of spatial attributes. The integration of GIS and atmospheric status assessment model can give full play to the advantages of spatial analysis and spatial data processing of GIS. Taking Hefei as an example, this paper discusses the construction of Hefei Atmospheric Environmental quality Evaluation system based on GIS. The overall design idea of the system is to use .NET platform and ArcEngine component to develop, and with plug-in technology, through ArcSDE and specially developed data interface, manage and transform spatial data and attribute data, and exchange dynamic data. The research contents mainly include the following parts: 1) analyzing the GIS secondary development principle requirements, database design and construction, general design and so on, and discussing the combination of GIS and atmospheric quality evaluation model. This paper demonstrates the construction of Hefei Atmospheric Environmental quality Assessment system. The design and construction of the database and the overall framework of the system are carried out. This paper introduces the framework, scheme and calculation flow of GIS and atmospheric quality evaluation model. The application of GIS technology in the modeling of atmospheric quality model is discussed preliminarily. (3) based on the classification and characteristics of atmospheric pollution diffusion model, the model of atmospheric environmental quality is analyzed, and the climatic characteristics of Hefei are analyzed. In this paper, the design theory and programming method of atmospheric environmental quality evaluation model are put forward by calculating the pollution meteorological conditions and the parameters of air pollution diffusion. 4) the spatial analysis function of GIS is used. The atmospheric quality evaluation model of Hefei city based on GIS was established by using the monitoring data based on the monitoring site in Hefei and the simulation data based on grid evaluation. The simulation based on grid evaluation is to calculate the concentration of each grid and generate the pollution concentration thematic map based on grid and isoline to realize the visual management of pollution source.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X823;P208

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