矢量地理数据拓扑完整性检测方法

发布时间：2018-06-17 10:34

本文选题：矢量地理数据 + 数字水印　；参考：《石河子大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着信息技术的快速发展,地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)已被广泛应用于城市规划、土地利用和交通管理等方面。作为GIS的核心,地理数据已由传统的纸质化收集、存储转化为利用计算机数字化处理,这使地理数据的使用和传播变得更加便捷,但与此同时,也存在对地理数据的误操作,或者恶意篡改,甚至肆意盗版传播等数据安全问题。此外在空间分析方法中,地理数据中的拓扑关系至关重要,会直接影响数据分析的结果,从而影响决策方案的制定,所以需要一种新的方法,在进行空间分析前,能验证地理数据拓扑关系的完整性,并能检测地理对象的拓扑关系是否被篡改以及被篡改的位置。为了检测矢量地理数据的拓扑关系完整性,本文根据矢量地理数据中存在的拓扑关系,分别用脆弱水印方法和公有水印方法,对如何检测矢量地理数据的拓扑关系完整性进行了研究。两种方法都是先根据矢量地理数据集中的任意两个相离面类地物的相离距离度量值生成水印信息,从而使水印信息中含有地物的拓扑关系信息。本文的主要研究内容和结论如下:(1)在基于脆弱水印的矢量地理数据拓扑完整性检测算法中,通过地物之间空间相离距离生成水印信息,并修改其相离距离比值,根据比值进行地物缩放以达到嵌入水印的目的。在水印检测时,根据生成的水印与提取出的水印的匹配结果来判定矢量地理数据的拓扑完整性。实验结果表明,该算法可以有效的检测矢量地理数据的拓扑完整性。(2)基于公有水印矢量地理数据拓扑完整性检验算法,主要是为了可以公开验证矢量地理数据拓扑关系的完整性。该算法通过地物的空间拓扑关系生成水印信息,然后将水印信息与地物的顶点坐标值异或计算后得到验证码,并将此验证码公开发布,则数据使用者便可在公共平台上通过获取公开验证码来验证矢量地理数据的拓扑完整性。实验结果表明,该算法能有效的检验矢量地理数据的拓扑完整性并能定位被篡改顶点的位置。(3)设计并实现矢量地理数据拓扑完整性检验工具。该工具基于Visual Studio 2010开发环境,通过MFC框架和Arc GIS Engine的API接口实现对地图的基本操作。该工具主要用于模拟对矢量地理数据的篡改操作,并验证所提出的水印算法的可靠性。本文在充分研究矢量地理数据拓扑关系的基础上,通过提出的脆弱水印算法和公有水印算法,实现了矢量地理数据拓扑关系完整性检验的目的,且两种算法均能可靠有效的验证矢量地理数据拓扑完整性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology, Geographic Information system (GIS) has been widely used in urban planning, land use and traffic management. As the core of GIS, geographical data has been collected and stored by the traditional paper, and converted into the use of digital processing of computer, which makes the use and dissemination of geographical data more convenient, but at the same time, there are also misoperation of geographical data. Or malicious tampering, or even wanton piracy and other data security issues. In addition, in the spatial analysis method, the topological relation in the geographical data is very important, which will directly affect the result of the data analysis, thus affect the decision making, so we need a new method, before the spatial analysis, It can verify the integrity of the topological relationship of geographical data and detect whether the topological relation of geographical object is tampered with and where it is tampered. In order to detect the integrity of the topological relationship of the vector geographic data, the fragile watermarking method and the public watermarking method are used in this paper according to the topological relationship in the vector geographic data. How to detect the topological integrity of vector geographic data is studied. The two methods first generate the watermark information according to the distance measure of any two off-plane objects in the vector geographic data set, so that the watermark information contains the topological relation information of the ground object. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) in the topological integrity detection algorithm of vector geographic data based on fragile watermark, the watermark information is generated by the spatial distance between objects and the ratio of the distance between objects is modified. The object is scaled according to the ratio to achieve the purpose of embedding the watermark. When the watermark is detected, the topological integrity of the vector geographic data is determined according to the matching result between the generated watermark and the extracted watermark. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively detect the topological integrity of vector geographic data. The main purpose is to publicly verify the integrity of the topological relationship of vector geographic data. The algorithm generates the watermark information by the spatial topological relation of the ground object, then calculates the watermark information and the vertex coordinate value of the ground object, then obtains the verification code, and publishes the verification code publicly. Then the data user can verify the topological integrity of the vector geographic data by obtaining the public verification code on the common platform. Experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively verify the topological integrity of vector geographic data and locate the position of tampered vertex. This tool is based on Visual Studio 2010 development environment, and realizes the basic operation of map through MFC framework and API interface of Arc GIS engine. The tool is mainly used to simulate the tampering operation of vector geographic data and verify the reliability of the proposed watermarking algorithm. On the basis of studying the topological relation of vector geographic data, the purpose of the integrity test of topological relation of vector geographic data is realized by using the fragile watermarking algorithm and the public watermarking algorithm proposed in this paper. Both algorithms can verify the topological integrity of vector geographic data reliably and effectively.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P208

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