插件式3DWebGIS空间数据存储及拓扑关系查询方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 11:22

本文选题：拓扑关系 + Web　；参考：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：GIS起源于制图学,而后发展为用二维数据描述地理现象。随着人类对现实三维世界的认知渴求以及地质、采矿、水文等领域对三维GIS的迫切需求,三维GIS逐渐走入大众视野。三维GIS包括以2.5维为代表的假三维和真三维。前者功能主要停留在三维可视化阶段,后者才是真正实现三维空间查询和分析操作的基础。因此找到一个完整、高效的空间三维数据模型来表达真三维现象一直以来是GIS行业研究的重点和热点,而拓扑关系作为最基本、最重要的空间关系,对三维拓扑数据结构的研究更是重中之重。另一方面,某些特定领域的真三维空间查询和分析的系统只能在本地单机运行,无法实现基于网络平台的分布式数据共享和互操作。着眼于以上两个方面,本文根据复杂地物、体、面、弧段、结点之间的拓扑关系建立空间数据库,在真三维与分布式数据共享和互操作方面实现动态构建三维地质体以及查询其三维拓扑关系。在分布式虚拟现实的基础上,对三维空间数据模型和建模方法作了大量研究,并经过三个步骤完成拓扑重建三维地质体。1、在关系数据库中存储和组织三维拓扑元素,包括点(节点)、线(弧段或边)、面(多边形)以及体元素。2、借助JavaScript语言脚本以及VRML提供的EAI接口将拓扑数据传输至VRML场景中。3、利用嵌入在HTML页中的VRML场景绘制三维地质体,主要用到高级造型节点中的 PointSet 节点、IndexedLineSet 节点和 IndexedFaceSet 节点。最后,结合ASP技术实现了对三维地质体模型拓扑关系的查询。本文为在网络环境下动态拓扑构建复杂三维对象提供了完整思路,对实现三维GIS空间分析功能如三维裁剪、三维空间查询、任意剖面生成等均有一定借鉴意义。同时也为今后的空间分析奠定了良好的基础。
[Abstract]:Geographic Information system (GIS) originated from cartography, and then developed to describe geographical phenomena with two-dimensional data. With the human desire for the real 3D world and the urgent need of 3D GIS in the fields of geology, mining and hydrology, 3D GIS has gradually entered the public view. 3D GIS includes pseudo-3D and true 3D represented by 2.5 dimension. The function of the former mainly stays at the stage of 3D visualization, and the latter is the foundation of the real 3D spatial query and analysis operation. Therefore, finding a complete and efficient spatial 3D data model to express the true 3D phenomenon has always been the focus and hotspot of GIS industry, and topological relation is the most basic and important spatial relationship. The research of three-dimensional topological data structure is the most important. On the other hand, some real 3D spatial query and analysis systems in some specific fields can only run on a single local computer, and can not realize distributed data sharing and interoperability based on network platform. Focusing on the above two aspects, this paper establishes a spatial database based on the topological relationships among complex features, bodies, surfaces, arcs and nodes. In the aspect of true 3D and distributed data sharing and interoperation, we can dynamically construct 3D geological body and query its 3D topological relationship. On the basis of distributed virtual reality, the 3D spatial data model and modeling method are studied. After three steps, the 3D geological body. 1 is reconstructed, and the 3D topological elements are stored and organized in the relational database. Including points (nodes), lines (arcs or edges), surfaces (polygons) and volume elements. 2. The topology data is transferred to VRML scene by means of JavaScript script and EAI interface provided by VRML, and 3D geological objects are drawn using VRML scene embedded in HTML pages. The PointSet node in the advanced modeling node is mainly used as the IndexedLineSet node and the IndexedFace set node. Finally, the query of topological relation of 3D geological model is realized with ASP technology. This paper provides a complete idea for dynamic topology construction of complex 3D objects under the network environment. It is useful for realizing 3D GIS spatial analysis functions such as 3D clipping, 3D spatial query, arbitrary section generation and so on. At the same time, it also lays a good foundation for the space analysis in the future.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P208

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