高精度数字地面模型项目质量风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 17:59

本文选题：测绘工程 + 激光雷达　；参考：《河北经贸大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：众所周知,风险是存在于社会各领域的一种普遍现象,具有普遍性、客观性和多变性等特性。风险的客观存在决定风险不能任意的避免或者逃避。风险的发生会导致企业利益受损和产品质量降低,因而进行有效的风险管理可以降低风险发生的概率,节约成本,提高企业及其附属产品的竞争力。测绘工程贯穿于整个经济建设活动周期,是国民经济建设活动中许多大中型建设项目的基础性工程。随着市场经济的发展和转型,我国的测绘事业正在逐渐进行改革和创新,在此过程中面临的风险也是越来越多。对于测绘工程而言,质量决定了企业的最终发展规模及程度,是企业的生命力和核心竞争力。企业和社会对测绘产品的质量精度要求很高,精度可达到厘米级甚至更小,一旦质量精度出现问题极有可能导致整个批次产品不合格,既浪费了人力,又浪费了物力和财力。因此测绘工程自始至终都要重视质量风险管理,将质量的风险发生概率降到最低。论文充分将质量风险管理理论与工程实践相结合,首先论述了质量和风险管理的相关理论知识,针对性的介绍了风险识别、风险评估、风险应对等内容。然后介绍了高精度数字地面模型工程项目的工作背景条件和项目实施过程,详细说明了项目数据获取阶段(获取高精度激光点云数据和高分航摄影像)和数据处理阶段(建立数字表面模型和数字地面模型)的工作流程,列举和分析了技术、人员、设备和环境等方面可能存在的质量风险因素,使用鱼骨图方法对上述质量风险因素的识别分析,找到了真正的风险因素源,然后利用LEC评价法对其进行评价,最后制订了相应的控制措施,完成了高精度数字地面模型工程项目的质量风险管理研究。相比传统测绘工程而言,本项目的工艺先进,技术含量高,使用点云制作数字地面模型可以极大的提高数据的精度和质量,相信通过对质量风险管理的分析,可以为未来测绘项目提供合理的质量风险控制方法,节省项目成本,提高工作效率,保证项目质量,在一定程度上,促进我国测绘事业朝着更好的方向发展。
[Abstract]:As we all know, risk is a universal phenomenon in various fields of society, which has the characteristics of universality, objectivity and variability. The objective existence of risk determines that risk can not be avoided or avoided arbitrarily. The occurrence of risk will lead to the loss of enterprise interests and the reduction of product quality. Therefore, effective risk management can reduce the probability of risk occurrence, save costs and improve the competitiveness of enterprises and their affiliated products. Surveying and mapping project runs through the whole cycle of economic construction and is the basic project of many large and medium-sized construction projects in national economic construction activities. With the development and transformation of the market economy, the surveying and mapping undertaking in our country is carrying on the reform and innovation gradually, the risk that faces in this process is also more and more. For surveying and mapping engineering, quality determines the final development scale and degree of enterprises, and is the vitality and core competitiveness of enterprises. Enterprises and society require high quality precision of surveying and mapping products, and the precision can reach centimeter level or even smaller. Once the quality accuracy problem appears, it is very likely to lead to the whole batch product disqualified, which not only wastes manpower, but also wastes material resources and financial resources. So we should pay attention to quality risk management from beginning to end, and reduce the probability of quality risk to the lowest. This paper fully combines the theory of quality risk management with engineering practice. Firstly, it discusses the relevant theoretical knowledge of quality and risk management, and introduces the contents of risk identification, risk assessment, risk response and so on. Then it introduces the background conditions and the implementation process of the high precision digital ground model project. The work flow of project data acquisition stage (obtaining high-precision laser point cloud data and high-resolution aerial photography) and data processing stage (establishing digital surface model and digital ground model) are described in detail. The possible quality risk factors in equipment and environment, using fish bone map method to identify and analyze these quality risk factors, find out the real risk factors, and then use LEC evaluation method to evaluate the quality risk factors. Finally, the corresponding control measures are worked out, and the quality risk management research of the high precision digital ground model project is completed. Compared with the traditional surveying and mapping project, the technology of this project is advanced and the technology content is high. The use of point cloud to make digital ground model can greatly improve the accuracy and quality of the data. It is believed that through the analysis of quality risk management, It can provide reasonable quality risk control method for future surveying and mapping project, save project cost, improve work efficiency, ensure project quality, and to a certain extent, promote the development of surveying and mapping in our country towards better direction.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P205

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