基于GIS平台的公路选线技术研究

发布时间：2018-07-23 09:34

【摘要】：公路选线所涉及的范围之广,影响因素之多,决定了这是一复杂的工作。确定最优的公路布线区域和最优的公路布线方案是这一工作最主要的目标。随着地理信息技术的快速发展,地理信息系统在各方面起到越来越大的作用,如在基础建设、城市规划、社会管理以及更加广泛的区域方面。在众多有关地理信息的应用中,道路智能选线与规划的应用越来越受到关注。传统的公路选线过程是建立在经验与技巧的积累上,公路选线设计方案主要依赖于专家的知识和经验,且不同专家考虑问题的侧重点和方法不同,因此难以协调各设计目标的关系,达到科学决策的目的。基于GIS的公路选线能够对这些问题进行实现,本文主要是在ArcGIS平台下联合CAD实现道路选线,为下一步线路设计提供有效的依据。在研究过程中采用了层次分析法确定影响因素的权重。主要完成的工作如下： (1)对选线区域的地理位置、地形地貌、地质、水文、环境、资源分布等影响公路选线的因素进行分析,并优选高程、坡度、地质及地物作为主要的影响因素并建立各影响因素数字模型。再通过公路布线适宜性评价,生成单因素费用模型； (2)结合层次分析法对公路选线的各个因素进行权重分析,对单因素费用模型按权重进行叠加运算,得到综合费用模型； (3)起终点的选择,中间控制点的确定,之后结合ArcGIS空间分析技术进行廊道分析及成本路径生成； (4)各方案比选,运用CAD计算出工程投资及运营里程。然后进行综合评价,选出最优路线。
[Abstract]:The wide range of highway route selection and the number of influencing factors determine that this is a complex task. The main goal of this work is to determine the optimal highway routing area and the optimal highway routing scheme. With the rapid development of geographic information technology, GIS plays a more and more important role in many fields, such as infrastructure, urban planning, social management and more extensive regional aspects. In many geographic information applications, the application of intelligent route selection and planning has been paid more and more attention. The traditional road route selection process is based on the accumulation of experience and skills. The design of highway route selection mainly depends on the knowledge and experience of the experts, and different experts have different focus and methods to consider the problems. Therefore, it is difficult to coordinate the relationship between the design objectives and achieve the purpose of scientific decision-making. Road route selection based on GIS can realize these problems. In this paper, road route selection based on ArcGIS platform is realized by combined CAD, which provides an effective basis for the next line design. In the course of the study, AHP is used to determine the weight of the influencing factors. The main works are as follows: (1) analyze the factors that affect the route selection, such as location, topography, geology, hydrology, environment and resource distribution, and select the elevation, slope, etc. Geology and features are the main influencing factors and the digital models of each influencing factors are established. Then through the road routing suitability evaluation to generate a single factor cost model; (2) combined with the Analytic hierarchy process to analyze the weight of each factor of road routing, single factor cost model according to the weight of the superposition operation, Get the comprehensive cost model; (3) the choice of starting end point, the determination of intermediate control point, then combining with ArcGIS spatial analysis technology for corridor analysis and cost path generation; (4) each scheme comparison, Use CAD to calculate the engineering investment and operation mileage. Then comprehensive evaluation is carried out to select the optimal route.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;U412.32

【共引文献】