滑坡体形变监测GPS载波相位差分定位与Kalman滤波算法研究

发布时间：2018-07-26 18:15

【摘要】：鉴于滑坡体形变监测对GPS提出的高精度定位要求,本文在清晰阐述了GPS定位原理、定位误差成因以及卡尔曼滤波算法的基础上,研究设计了滑坡体形变监测GPS载波相位差分定位与Kalman滤波算法模型,并进行了严密的数学推导和计算机仿真实验。在对不同的定位方式的分析对比中,阐明了选择单基准站载波相位差分定位方式的合理性；在对影响定位精度的各类误差的分析中,阐明了选择差分定位抑制定位误差和选择卡尔曼滤波改善定位精度的合理性。设计了载波相位双差定位数学模型和卡尔曼滤波模型。通过载波相位的单次求差,消除了卫星钟差和星历误差影响,减弱了电离层和对流层折射误差影响。通过载波相位的二次求差,在消除卫星时钟误差基础上,进一步消除了监测点的接收机时钟误差,同时减少了未知数个数。在载波相位的二次求差过程中,通过消除双差载波相位整周模糊度模型,消除了载波相位双差模糊度影响。通过卡尔曼滤波模型,消除了扰动噪声和测量噪声的影响。利用由载波相位二次差分与卡尔曼滤波算法结合求解得到的坐标改正值来修正监测点的定位坐标,将求解得到的坐标改正值进行抽样并对其相应观测历元的监测点概略坐标进行修正,有效地保证了定位精度的提高,并通过计算机仿真实验了定位算法,实验结果数据验证了本文算法的可行性及有效性。本课题对提高GPS定位精度,满足其在滑坡体形变监测预防、预报中的应用,进行了有效的理论研究和实验仿真。
[Abstract]:In view of the high precision positioning requirements of landslide deformation monitoring for GPS, the principle of GPS positioning, the cause of location error and the Kalman filter algorithm are clearly described in this paper. The algorithm model of GPS carrier phase difference location and Kalman filter for landslide deformation monitoring is studied and designed, and rigorous mathematical derivation and computer simulation experiment are carried out. In the analysis and comparison of different positioning methods, the rationality of choosing the carrier phase difference positioning method for single reference station is expounded, and in the analysis of all kinds of errors that affect the positioning accuracy, The reasonableness of selecting differential location to suppress positioning error and selecting Kalman filter to improve positioning accuracy are expounded. The mathematical model of carrier phase dual difference location and Kalman filter model are designed. The influence of satellite clock error and ephemeris error is eliminated and the influence of ionospheric and tropospheric refraction error is weakened by the single calculation of carrier phase. On the basis of eliminating the satellite clock error, the receiver clock error of the monitoring point is further eliminated and the number of unknown numbers is reduced. In the process of second estimation of carrier phase, the influence of carrier phase ambiguity is eliminated by eliminating the integer ambiguity model of double carrier phase. The influence of disturbance noise and measurement noise is eliminated by Kalman filter model. The position coordinates of the monitoring points are corrected by using the coordinate correction value obtained by the combination of the carrier phase quadratic difference and the Kalman filtering algorithm. The coordinates are modified by sampling and the coordinates of the corresponding observation epoch are corrected, which can effectively ensure the improvement of the positioning accuracy, and the localization algorithm is tested by computer simulation. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and effective. In order to improve the positioning accuracy of GPS and to satisfy its application in landslide deformation monitoring and prediction, effective theoretical research and experimental simulation have been carried out in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P642.22;P228.4;TN713

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