基于RS的城镇用地信息提取及格局发展研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 11:23

【摘要】：选取2000年与2015年Landsat ETM+/OLI遥感影像为数据源,以齐齐哈尔市为例,利用波段构建增强的指数型建筑用地指数(Enhanced Index-based Built-up Index,EIBI),提取该市2000年及2015年城镇建设用地数据,提取精度达到90%以上。选取年均扩展率、扩展强度指数、间隙度指数、平均分形维数和空间关联指数作为研究指标,剖析齐齐哈尔市城镇格局的时空演变特征,耦合自然与人为因素,揭示该市城镇化进程和特点,并对进一步加快城镇建设进行思考。结果表明:利用EIBI提取城镇用地信息过程客观、效率较高,人工修正后精度达到95%以上。齐齐哈尔市2000年城镇建设用地面积为147 186.69 hm~2,2015年为201 015.38 hm~2,年均扩展率为2.10%,扩展强度为9.10%。城镇外形结构变得相对复杂,城镇化发展具有较低水平的多元化分散分布特征,城镇扩张冷热点分布不均,空间联系程度低,未出现城区与乡镇的区域协调快速发展。齐齐哈尔市城镇化发展空间潜力较大,亟需合理解决阻碍城镇建设的障碍。
[Abstract]:Landsat ETM / OLI remote sensing images of 2000 and 2015 were selected as data sources. Taking Qiqihar City as an example, an enhanced exponential index (Enhanced Index-based Built-up Index,EIBI) was constructed to extract the data of urban construction land in 2000 and 2015. The extraction accuracy is more than 90%. In this paper, the annual expansion rate, expansion intensity index, gap index, average fractal dimension and spatial correlation index are selected as the research indexes to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of urban pattern in Qiqihar, coupled natural and human factors. To reveal the urbanization process and characteristics of the city, and to further speed up the construction of cities and towns. The results show that the process of extracting urban land information by EIBI is objective and efficient, and the precision of artificial correction is more than 95%. In 2000, the area of urban construction land in Qiqihar was 147 186.69 hm~2, which was 201 015.38 hm~2, in 2015. The average annual expansion rate was 2.10 and the intensity of expansion was 9.10. The shape structure of cities and towns becomes relatively complex, the development of urbanization has the characteristics of diversification and distribution at a lower level, the distribution of cold hot spots of urban expansion is uneven, the degree of spatial connection is low, and there is no regional coordinated and rapid development between urban areas and towns. The urbanization of Qiqihar has great space potential, so it is urgent to solve the obstacles that hinder the construction of cities and towns.
【作者单位】：东北林业大学林学院;
【基金】：黑龙江省留学归国人员科研基金(LC2013C13) 黑龙江省博士后科研基金(LBH-Z10279) 东北林业大学大学生创新训练项目(201510225179)
【分类号】：P237

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