基于GIS的土地整治中适宜性评价方法研究
发布时间：2018-09-04 14:10
【摘要】：经济的快速发展和工业化进程的加快，势必占据原本就有限的耕地资源，加上我国人口众多，人均耕地少，耕地资源更要加以保护。为了提高农业的生产能力，使有效耕地面积增加，达到耕地总量的动态平衡，从2011年开始，新一轮土地整治工作在我国全面展开。 在土地整治工作中，既要增加耕地的数量又要提高耕地的质量，而土地的适宜性评价正是确定土地是否适宜某种土地利用类型、提高耕地质量的有效手段，所以作为土地整治工作中的一项重要内容，，土地适宜性评价的方法也被越来越多的学者所关注。本文在总结现有的土地适宜性评价的方法之上，分析其优缺点，以土地整治规划的相关文件为标准，选取耕地和农村建设用地为研究对象，按功能将耕地整理类型划分为土地平整整理（包括坡改梯整理和格田整理）、农田水利工程整理、农村道路整理，以及针对农村居民点的农村建设用地整理。针对每种土地整理类型分别构建适宜性评价指标体系，建立适用于土地整治规划的适宜性评价方法。在数据的组织和分析处理上，主要采用GIS的方法，运用GIS强大的数据组织、数据处理和空间分析功能，来实现数据的管理和整个适宜性评价过程。 研究工作以盐亭县为实证研究的对象，以行政村为评价单元，对耕地和农村建设用地进行土地整治中的适宜性评价，分别得到每种整理类型的重点整理区，它们依次为土地平整重点整理区（包括坡改梯重点整理区和格田重点整理区）、农田水利工程重点整理区、农村道路重点整理区和农村建设用地重点整理区。通过实地调研，评价结果和实际情况能够比较好地吻合，说明本次适宜性评价方法能够适用于土地整治规划中，为土地整治中适宜性的评价提供了一种参考。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of economy and the acceleration of industrialization are bound to occupy the original limited cultivated land resources, plus our country has a large population, the per capita arable land is less, the cultivated land resources should be protected. In order to improve the agricultural production capacity, increase the effective cultivated land area and achieve the dynamic balance of the total cultivated land amount, a new round of land renovation work has been carried out in our country since 2011. In the process of land regulation, it is necessary to increase the quantity of cultivated land and to improve the quality of cultivated land, and the evaluation of land suitability is an effective means to determine whether land is suitable for a certain type of land use and to improve the quality of cultivated land. Therefore, as an important part of land regulation, the method of land suitability evaluation has been paid more and more attention by more and more scholars. On the basis of summarizing the existing methods of land suitability evaluation and analyzing its advantages and disadvantages, this paper selects cultivated land and rural construction land as the research object, taking the relevant documents of land renovation planning as the standard. According to the function, the types of arable land consolidation are divided into land leveling and consolidation (including sloping and terrace consolidation and grid land consolidation), farmland and water conservancy engineering consolidation, rural road consolidation, and rural construction land consolidation for rural residential areas. According to each land consolidation type, the suitability evaluation index system is constructed, and the suitability evaluation method suitable for land regulation planning is established. In the aspect of data organization and analysis, the method of GIS and the powerful functions of data organization, data processing and spatial analysis of GIS are used to realize the management of data and the whole process of suitability evaluation. Taking Yanting County as the empirical research object and administrative village as the evaluation unit, the paper evaluates the suitability of cultivated land and rural construction land, and obtains the key consolidation areas of each sort of consolidation. They are: land leveling key consolidation area (including slope and ladder key consolidation area and grid farmland key finishing area), farmland water conservancy project key consolidation area, rural road key consolidation area and rural construction land consolidation area. Through the field investigation, the evaluation results and the actual situation can be well consistent, which shows that the suitability evaluation method can be used in the land regulation planning, and provides a reference for the suitability evaluation in the land regulation.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F301;P208
[Abstract]:The rapid development of economy and the acceleration of industrialization are bound to occupy the original limited cultivated land resources, plus our country has a large population, the per capita arable land is less, the cultivated land resources should be protected. In order to improve the agricultural production capacity, increase the effective cultivated land area and achieve the dynamic balance of the total cultivated land amount, a new round of land renovation work has been carried out in our country since 2011. In the process of land regulation, it is necessary to increase the quantity of cultivated land and to improve the quality of cultivated land, and the evaluation of land suitability is an effective means to determine whether land is suitable for a certain type of land use and to improve the quality of cultivated land. Therefore, as an important part of land regulation, the method of land suitability evaluation has been paid more and more attention by more and more scholars. On the basis of summarizing the existing methods of land suitability evaluation and analyzing its advantages and disadvantages, this paper selects cultivated land and rural construction land as the research object, taking the relevant documents of land renovation planning as the standard. According to the function, the types of arable land consolidation are divided into land leveling and consolidation (including sloping and terrace consolidation and grid land consolidation), farmland and water conservancy engineering consolidation, rural road consolidation, and rural construction land consolidation for rural residential areas. According to each land consolidation type, the suitability evaluation index system is constructed, and the suitability evaluation method suitable for land regulation planning is established. In the aspect of data organization and analysis, the method of GIS and the powerful functions of data organization, data processing and spatial analysis of GIS are used to realize the management of data and the whole process of suitability evaluation. Taking Yanting County as the empirical research object and administrative village as the evaluation unit, the paper evaluates the suitability of cultivated land and rural construction land, and obtains the key consolidation areas of each sort of consolidation. They are: land leveling key consolidation area (including slope and ladder key consolidation area and grid farmland key finishing area), farmland water conservancy project key consolidation area, rural road key consolidation area and rural construction land consolidation area. Through the field investigation, the evaluation results and the actual situation can be well consistent, which shows that the suitability evaluation method can be used in the land regulation planning, and provides a reference for the suitability evaluation in the land regulation.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F301;P208
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