基于GIS的海口市建设用地生态适宜性评价

发布时间：2018-09-14 15:50

【摘要】：选取海口市作为研究区，在分析海口市地域特点的基础上制定研究区指标体系；在RS等软件支持下，对海口市域1991年、2001年和2010年SPOT影像进行了解译，提取河流、林地、耕地、建成区等有代表性的多因子图层；在Arc GIS9.3的支持下，通过1∶10000地形图建立数字高程模型，将人口、经济等社会经济因子数据及坡度、高程、植被、水域等自然因子数据建立空间数据库，运用层次分析法确定权重，然后对各因子进行加权叠加分析，对研究区建设用地的生态适宜性进行综合评价研究。结合评价结果对不同等级的用地类型进行分类，为研究区的生态环境保护和城镇用地拓展提供参考，同时为国际旅游岛建设中的土地政策提供科学依据。主要结果表明：研究区域建设用地生态适宜性整体上较低，总的分布规律为北高南低，，具体表现为： 1、“最适宜”区域面积为16047.0247hm2，约占总面积7.03%；其分布区域主要集中在研究区北部，此外，在东北部沿海附近有很小的面积分布，其分布与建成区建设用地的分布几乎是一致的。 2、“适宜”区域面积为16038.8905hm2，约占总面积7.03%；其分布区域主要为建成区周围或者主要交通干线缓冲区范围内。 3、“基本适宜”等级用地占研究区的19.77%，可以划作适建区，分布比较分散，主要是城镇附近、主要交通干线缓冲区范围内、5等以下耕地、人工草地及人口密度较大的区域； 4、“很不适宜”等级和“不适宜”等级用地占研究区的44.64%，可划作限建区，分布比较分散，且分布范围很广，大部分是海拔高度相对较低、坡度较平缓的耕地、郁闭度一般的林地及园地等； 5、“不可用地”面积占研究区的21.54%，可划为禁建区，主要分布在西南部、中部和东北部，大部分是红树林、郁闭度较高的林地、主要交通干线、水域、3等以上的耕地和风景名胜区及特殊用地；
[Abstract]:Haikou City is selected as the research area, based on the analysis of the regional characteristics of Haikou City, the index system of the study area is established. With the support of RS and other software, the SPOT images of Haikou City in 1991, 2001 and 2010 are interpreted, and the rivers, woodland and cultivated land are extracted. With the support of Arc GIS9.3, the digital elevation model is established by using 1: 10000 topographic map to make population, economic and other social and economic factors data and slope, elevation, vegetation, etc. The spatial database was established by using the data of natural factors such as water area, and the weight was determined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Then, the ecological suitability of the construction land in the study area was comprehensively evaluated by the weighted superposition analysis of each factor. According to the evaluation results, different types of land use are classified, which provides a reference for the ecological environment protection and urban land development in the study area, and provides scientific basis for the land policy in the construction of international tourism island. The main results are as follows: the ecological suitability of construction land in the study area is relatively low as a whole, and the overall distribution law is north high and south low, the concrete manifestation is: 1, the "most suitable" area is 16047.0247hm2, which accounts for 7.03g / kg of total area; Its distribution is mainly concentrated in the northern part of the study area. In addition, there is a very small area distribution near the northeast coast. Its distribution is almost consistent with the distribution of construction land in the built-up area. 2. The area of "suitable" area is 16038.8905hm2, accounting for about 7.03g / h of the total area. The distribution area is mainly around the built area or within the buffer zone of the main traffic trunk line. 3. "basically suitable" grade land accounts for 19.77 points in the study area. It can be designated as a suitable area for construction, and its distribution is relatively scattered, mainly near the town. Within the buffer zone of the main traffic trunk area, cultivated land below 5, artificial grassland and areas with a high population density; 4, "very unsuitable" grade and "inappropriate" grade land account for 44.64% of the study area, which can be designated as restricted construction area, Most of them are cultivated land with relatively low altitude and gentle slope, woodland and gardens with general canopy density, etc. 5, the area of "unusable land" accounts for 21.54% of the study area and can be designated as a no-building area. It is mainly distributed in the southwest, central and northeast, mostly mangrove forest, forest land with high canopy density, the main traffic trunk, water area, such as more than 3 cultivated land, scenic spots and special land;
【学位授予单位】：海南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P208;X826

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