基于规则匹配的地图符号共享研究

发布时间：2018-10-08 15:58

【摘要】：在信息技术快速发展的今天,数据获取及存储技术不断创新,获取的海量空间数据的共享管理问题显得越来越重要,空间信息的共享成为当今GIS发展的重要趋势和潮流,然而作为空间信息共享的重要组成部分,地图符号的共享研究却相对缓慢,主要是因为各GIS平台对同一地理要素的符号定义各不相同,因为符号定义标准难以统一,使得同一地图符号的语法结构和语义描述形式存在图元构成和格式定义不一致的情况,由于以上因素,地图符号的共享难以突破各GIS系统平台的限制,使得地图符号在设计制作时,出现了大量的重复性工作,同时也导致了各平台对地理要素信息的准确表达受到较大影响,限制了地理信息共享的研究进程,因此,对地图符号共享技术的研究具有十分重要的意义。为解决以上问题,在总结分析了现有的符号标准及共享技术的前提下,本文提出了一种基于规则匹配的符号共享技术的解决方案,该技术方法是在定义通用符号模型的基础上,利用统一的符号编码规则,建立通用符号库,在各GIS平台开发各自符号控件的条件下,实现其符号库与通用符号库的符号共享,并通过网络或单机环境统一读取通用符号库符号,最后进行地图符号的共享表达。为实现这一技术方法,本文主要研究了以下几方面的内容:(1)研究分析传统的地图符号通用标准,深入探讨了现有的几种符号共享的技术方法,以及它们在符号共享时所解决的问题和各自的优缺点,为本文提出新的符号共享技术奠定其理论基础。(2)对地图符号进行了通用的基本分类,阐述了影响地图符号表达的几类基本符号变量,并对其进行了简要的说明,同时分析总结了一般地图符号模型的绘制方法和特点,以及影响符号模型构建的相关变量因素。(3)引出SLD符号编码规则,分析SLD符号文档结构,并建立SLD符号定义模型,据其构建相应的点、线、面符号定义模型。(4)进行了通用符号库及规则符号库的设计。在进行通用符号库设计时,分析了符号库设计时应遵循符号共享的原则特点,并依据地图符号定义模型,将地图符号从语义描述和语法结构两个方面进行定义,最终确定通用符号库的结构形式;而在规则符号库设计时需要将基本的各分类地图符号的格式和符号参数进行定义,以确立调用通用地图符号库的相关规则。(5)根据设计的地图符号库,利用相关组件,以B/S架构式的Web服务建立GIS实验系统,并通过实验验证本文提出的符号共享方法的可行性。本文提出的地图符号共享方法,结合实验验证,说明基于通用符号库的规则匹配方法可以实现不同平台间符号库的共享表达,统一了符号编码规范的相关标准,提高了地理要素信息在地图上表达的准确性和地图符号的一致性,为实现地理要素空间数据与符号数据的同步共享提出了新的技术方法,促进了地理信息共享的研究进程。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology, the technology of data acquisition and storage has been innovated constantly, and the sharing and management of massive spatial data is becoming more and more important. The sharing of spatial information has become an important trend and trend in the development of GIS. However, as an important part of spatial information sharing, the research of map symbol sharing is relatively slow, mainly because the symbol definitions of the same geographical elements are different from each GIS platform, because the standard of symbol definition is difficult to unify. It makes the syntactic structure and semantic description form of the same map symbol not consistent. Because of the above factors, the sharing of map symbols is difficult to break through the limitation of each GIS system platform. It makes the map symbol appear a lot of repetitive work when it is designed and made. At the same time, it also leads to the great influence on the accurate expression of the geographic element information on each platform, which limits the research process of the geographical information sharing. It is of great significance to study the technology of map symbol sharing. In order to solve the above problems, on the premise of summarizing and analyzing the existing symbol standard and sharing technology, this paper puts forward a solution of symbol sharing technology based on rule matching, which is based on the definition of universal symbol model. The common symbol library is established by using the uniform symbol coding rules. Under the condition that each GIS platform develops its own symbol control, it realizes the symbol sharing between the symbol library and the common symbol library. The common symbol library symbols are read through the network or single computer environment, and the map symbols are shared. In order to realize this technical method, this paper mainly studies the following aspects: (1) study and analyze the traditional common standard of map symbol, and deeply discuss the existing technical methods of symbol sharing. The problems they solve in symbol sharing and their advantages and disadvantages lay the theoretical foundation for this paper. (2) the basic classification of map symbols is given. This paper expounds several kinds of basic symbolic variables that affect the expression of map symbols, and gives a brief explanation of them. At the same time, it analyzes and summarizes the drawing methods and characteristics of general map symbol models. (3) the rules of SLD symbol coding are introduced, the structure of SLD symbol document is analyzed, and the definition model of SLD symbol is established, according to which the corresponding points and lines are constructed. (4) Design of general symbol base and rule symbol base. In the design of general symbol library, the characteristics of symbol sharing in symbol library design are analyzed, and the map symbol is defined from semantic description and syntax structure according to the map symbol definition model. Finally, the structure of the general symbol library is determined, and the format and symbol parameters of the basic map symbols are defined in the design of the regular symbol library. In order to establish the relevant rules of calling the general map symbol library. (5) according to the map symbol library designed, using the relevant components, the GIS experimental system is established by using the Web service of B / S architecture, and the feasibility of the symbol sharing method proposed in this paper is verified by experiments. The map symbol sharing method proposed in this paper, combined with experimental verification, shows that the rule matching method based on general symbol library can realize the shared expression of symbol library between different platforms, and unify the relevant standards of symbol coding specification. It improves the accuracy of geographic element information expression on the map and the consistency of map symbol. It brings forward a new technical method to realize the synchronous sharing of geographical element spatial data and symbol data, and promotes the research process of geographic information sharing.
【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P208

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