GPS垂直位移反演云南省水储量变化
发布时间：2018-12-08 14:58
【摘要】：科学技术的发展使得空间大地测量出现数据多元化以及高精度的特点,全球定位系统(Global Positioning System(GPS))凭借精度高,实时以及全天候等特点被应用到各个领域中。国外学者应用连续运行的GPS网络垂直位移观测数据反演得到美国局部地区陆地水储量变化,大量研究结果表明GPS在某些方面优于GRACE,为陆地水变化的监测提供了新的技术手段。我国GPS连续运行观测网络建设已经十分完善,探究应用国内当前GPS网络监测陆地水变化的可行性具有重要意义。地球表面流体的流动会引起地表物质的重新分布,弹性地球会随之产生负荷形变响应。GPS能够直接记录该负荷形变,本文通过对云南省及其周边地区47个国家陆态网(Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC))GPS连续观测站数据处理,以垂直位移量为观测值,外加平滑约束,通过L曲线得到最佳平滑参数,进而反演得到2010-2015年云南省陆地水储量变化的时间序列。由GPS数据反演得到的结果表明云南省水储量的分布呈现出明显的地域化特征:西南部高山地区的水储量周年变化高于东部平原地区,呈现出由西到东、低纬向高纬度递减的特点;在时间尺度上,结果表明云南省大部分地区水储量季节性变化在10月(大约夏季结束)达到最大值,在4月(冬季结束)份降至最小,并且通过对2010～2015年时间序列结果的线性拟合来看,云南省近年来水储量变化呈缓慢增长趋势,速度大约为20mm/yr。除此之外,本文还结合GRACE、GLDAS以及降雨数据综合分析,结果表明GPS反演得到的云南省陆地水储量变化时间序列与GRACE和GLDAS数据结果在时空分布具有较高的一致性,GPS结果与GRACE、GLDAS结果的相关系数分别为0.79、0.71,证明GPS观测数据可以作为独立的观测量反演陆地水储量变化,甚至还具有独自的优势:(1)相对GRACE 300km的空间分辨率,密集的GPS网可以提高结果的分辨率;(2)GPS数据可以说是近实时的,其数据延迟仅一天,而GRACE数据延迟约一个月,可提高监测的实时性;(3)GRACE由于其运行维护需要导致的数据缺失(2010-2015年期间有12月的数据缺失),可以由GPS提供相应的尺度因子以及插值所需的变化趋势信息等。(4)GPS反演得到的陆地水储量中包含了 GLDAS中没有的地下水以及湖泊河流水。由于反演结果极大地依赖于GPS网络的密集程度以及GPS观测值的精度,目前国内的GPS观测网络在各方面尚未完善;另外扣除负荷形变后的GPS仍然具有明显的系统性信号,频谱分析表明残余信号中具有明显的GPS交年项误差,导致GPS反演结果比GRACE更大,关于GPS监测陆地水的应用仍需进一步研究。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, space geodetic survey has the characteristics of diversity and high accuracy. (Global Positioning System (GPS) is applied in various fields by virtue of its high precision, real-time and all-weather characteristics. Foreign scholars use continuous GPS network vertical displacement observation data to retrieve the land water reserves in some parts of the United States. A large number of research results show that GPS is better than GRACE, in some aspects to provide a new technical means for land water change monitoring. The construction of continuous operation observation network of GPS in China is very perfect. It is of great significance to explore the feasibility of monitoring land water change by using GPS network in China. The flow of fluid on the surface of the earth will lead to the redistribution of the surface material, and the elastic earth will produce a load deformation response. GPS can record the load deformation directly. In this paper, by processing the data of (Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) GPS continuous observation stations in 47 countries in Yunnan Province and its surrounding areas, taking vertical displacement as observation value and adding smoothing constraints, the best smoothing parameters are obtained by L curve. The time series of land water reserves change in Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2015 is obtained by inversion. The results obtained from the inversion of GPS data show that the distribution of water reserves in Yunnan Province shows obvious regionalization characteristics: the annual variation of water reserves in the southwestern alpine region is higher than that in the eastern plain area, and it appears from west to east. The decline of low latitudes to high latitudes; On a time scale, the results show that the seasonal variation of water reserves in most areas of Yunnan Province reached its maximum in October (about the end of summer), and decreased to a minimum in April (the end of winter). According to the linear fitting of the time series from 2010 to 2015, the change of water reserves in Yunnan Province shows a slow increasing trend in recent years, with a speed of about 20mm / yr. In addition, combined with GRACE,GLDAS and rainfall data, the result shows that the time series of land water reserve change obtained by GPS inversion is consistent with that of GRACE and GLDAS data in time and space distribution, and GPS result is in good agreement with GRACE, data. The correlation coefficients of GLDAS results are 0.79 ~ 0.71, respectively, which proves that GPS data can be used as independent observations to invert land water reserves, and even has the advantages of: (1) relative spatial resolution of GRACE 300km, Dense GPS nets can improve the resolution of the results. (2) GPS data can be said to be near real-time, its data delay is only one day, and GRACE data delay is about one month, it can improve the real-time monitoring; (III) missing data from GRACE due to its operational maintenance needs (as of 12 months between 2010 and 2015), GPS can provide the corresponding scale factor and the information of variation trend needed by interpolation. (4) the land water reserves obtained by GPS inversion include groundwater and lake river water which are not in GLDAS. Because the inversion results greatly depend on the density of GPS network and the accuracy of GPS observations, the domestic GPS observation network is not perfect in various aspects. In addition, after deducting the load deformation, the GPS still has obvious systematic signal. The spectrum analysis shows that the residual signal has obvious error of GPS crossing term, which results in the result of GPS inversion is larger than that of GRACE. The application of GPS in monitoring terrestrial water still needs further study.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P228.4;P407
本文编号：2368545
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, space geodetic survey has the characteristics of diversity and high accuracy. (Global Positioning System (GPS) is applied in various fields by virtue of its high precision, real-time and all-weather characteristics. Foreign scholars use continuous GPS network vertical displacement observation data to retrieve the land water reserves in some parts of the United States. A large number of research results show that GPS is better than GRACE, in some aspects to provide a new technical means for land water change monitoring. The construction of continuous operation observation network of GPS in China is very perfect. It is of great significance to explore the feasibility of monitoring land water change by using GPS network in China. The flow of fluid on the surface of the earth will lead to the redistribution of the surface material, and the elastic earth will produce a load deformation response. GPS can record the load deformation directly. In this paper, by processing the data of (Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) GPS continuous observation stations in 47 countries in Yunnan Province and its surrounding areas, taking vertical displacement as observation value and adding smoothing constraints, the best smoothing parameters are obtained by L curve. The time series of land water reserves change in Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2015 is obtained by inversion. The results obtained from the inversion of GPS data show that the distribution of water reserves in Yunnan Province shows obvious regionalization characteristics: the annual variation of water reserves in the southwestern alpine region is higher than that in the eastern plain area, and it appears from west to east. The decline of low latitudes to high latitudes; On a time scale, the results show that the seasonal variation of water reserves in most areas of Yunnan Province reached its maximum in October (about the end of summer), and decreased to a minimum in April (the end of winter). According to the linear fitting of the time series from 2010 to 2015, the change of water reserves in Yunnan Province shows a slow increasing trend in recent years, with a speed of about 20mm / yr. In addition, combined with GRACE,GLDAS and rainfall data, the result shows that the time series of land water reserve change obtained by GPS inversion is consistent with that of GRACE and GLDAS data in time and space distribution, and GPS result is in good agreement with GRACE, data. The correlation coefficients of GLDAS results are 0.79 ~ 0.71, respectively, which proves that GPS data can be used as independent observations to invert land water reserves, and even has the advantages of: (1) relative spatial resolution of GRACE 300km, Dense GPS nets can improve the resolution of the results. (2) GPS data can be said to be near real-time, its data delay is only one day, and GRACE data delay is about one month, it can improve the real-time monitoring; (III) missing data from GRACE due to its operational maintenance needs (as of 12 months between 2010 and 2015), GPS can provide the corresponding scale factor and the information of variation trend needed by interpolation. (4) the land water reserves obtained by GPS inversion include groundwater and lake river water which are not in GLDAS. Because the inversion results greatly depend on the density of GPS network and the accuracy of GPS observations, the domestic GPS observation network is not perfect in various aspects. In addition, after deducting the load deformation, the GPS still has obvious systematic signal. The spectrum analysis shows that the residual signal has obvious error of GPS crossing term, which results in the result of GPS inversion is larger than that of GRACE. The application of GPS in monitoring terrestrial water still needs further study.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P228.4;P407
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