管壳式换热器管板的有限元分析

发布时间：2018-03-16 12:07

本文选题：有限元　切入点：瞬态工况　出处：《辽宁工业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：管壳式换热器是应用广泛的化工换热设备,管板是管壳式换热器中最重要的部件之一,它承受着温度载荷与机械载荷,情况复杂。国内外在对管板的设计和分析上做出了很大的成就,提出了许多切合实际的理论,但是又有一些不足。本文运用ANSYS软件对管板模型在各种工况下进行应力分析,找出最危险工况,有利于管板的结构设计,为管板安全性提供参考。本论文建立了管壳式换热器管板的三维实体有限元模型;分析了管板模型在对流换热条件下的温度场分布规律:管板大部分的厚度上温度介于流经该处换热管的管程流体与壳程流体温度之间,只在管板靠近壳程流体一侧很薄的一层管板材料内温度才接近该处附近壳程流体温度。这就是ASME规范中“表皮效应”理论。本论文还对管板模型在受到管程压力、壳程压力、温度载荷分别单独作用和联合作用的瞬态工况以及共同作用下工况进行了应力强度分析和评定。验证表明,管板在各种工况下应力强度评定符合强度设计安全标准。应力强度分析还表明,此管板的最危险工况不是发生在管程压力、壳程压力和温度载荷同时作用的正常操作工况下,而是发生在壳程压力和温度载荷同时作用的瞬态工况下。通过分析得知,管板的最初设计是安全且保守的,在原来的基础上还可以减薄。论文还对管板在减薄后进行应力分析和验证,验证了管板减薄10%后的安全性。
[Abstract]:Shell and tube heat exchanger is a widely used heat exchanger in chemical industry. Tube plate is one of the most important parts of tube and shell heat exchanger. It bears temperature load and mechanical load. The situation is complicated. Great achievements have been made in the design and analysis of tube-plate at home and abroad, and many practical theories have been put forward, but there are some shortcomings. This paper uses ANSYS software to analyze the stress of the tube-plate model under various working conditions. Find out the most dangerous working condition, which is beneficial to the structure design of tube and plate, and provide reference for the safety of tube and plate. In this paper, the three-dimensional solid finite element model of tube and plate of tube and shell heat exchanger is established. The temperature field distribution of tube-plate model under convective heat transfer is analyzed. The temperature of most thickness of tube-plate is between the temperature of tube side fluid and shell side fluid flowing through the heat transfer tube. It is only in a thin layer of tube-plate material near the side of the shell side that the temperature of the tube plate is close to the temperature of the shell side. This is the "epidermal effect" theory in the ASME specification. In this paper, the tube-plate model is subjected to the tube side pressure and the shell side pressure. The analysis and evaluation of the stress intensity under the transient and the combined action of the temperature load are carried out respectively. The results show that, The stress intensity assessment of tube-plate under various working conditions accords with the safety standard of strength design. The stress intensity analysis also shows that the most dangerous condition of the tube plate is not under the normal operating condition of pipe side pressure, shell side pressure and temperature load acting at the same time. The analysis shows that the initial design of the tube and plate is safe and conservative. The stress analysis and verification of tube-plate after thinning are carried out to verify the safety of tube-plate thinning 10%.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TK172

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