贵州省冬季气温的时空特征及其与海气的关系

发布时间：2018-01-01 05:23

本文关键词：贵州省冬季气温的时空特征及其与海气的关系　出处：《高原气象》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

更多相关文章： 冬季气温 时空特征 hPa位势高度 海温

【摘要】：利用1962—2014年贵州39个代表站的冬季(12月至次年2月)温度资料和北半球500 hPa高度场及全球海温资料,通过合成分析、相关分析和小波分析等方法,对贵州冬季气温的时空特征及其与北半球500 hPa高度场、全球海温场的关系进行了研究。结果表明,近53年来,贵州冬季平均气温约为6.3℃,整体呈升温趋势,在贵州省东北部和西南部边缘最为显著;贵州冬季气温以准7年和准12年的振荡周期为主;贵州冬季气温突变于1988年,突变前贵州冷冬明显,突变后暖冬明显。异常暖冬年,格陵兰、北美和中太平洋地区的500 hPa高度场呈正距平,其余地区均为负距平,欧亚大陆的位势高度距平呈现为经向的"正-负-正"分布;异常冷冬年,在中西伯利亚地区、西欧-北大西洋和北美高度场表现为明显的正距平,其余地区均为负距平,在东半球,位势高度距平从西到东、从北到南都表现出"负-正-负"的分布形势。贵州冬季气温与前期秋季东北太平洋、赤道东太平洋和东印度洋区域的海温有显著的相关关系。异常暖冬年前期秋季,北太平洋(尤其是西北太平洋)和中印度洋(最显著)的海温距平异常显著;异常冷冬年前期秋季,北半球中东太平洋(最显著)和中印度洋的海温距平异常显著。同时,异常冷暖冬年的海温距平差值中心集中在东北太平洋和南半球中印度洋海域。
[Abstract]:From 1962 to 2014 of 39 representative stations in Guizhou in winter (December to February) and the Northern Hemisphere temperature data of 500 hPa height field and SST data, through synthetic analysis, correlation analysis and wavelet analysis methods, the spatial-temporal characteristics of winter temperature in Guizhou and the northern hemisphere 500 hPa height field, the relationship between global SST were studied. The results showed that, in the past 53 years, Guizhou winter average temperature is about 6.3 degrees Celsius, the overall showed a warming trend, Guizhou Province in the northeast and southwest edge of the most significant; winter temperatures in Guizhou 7 years and 12 years oscillation period; winter temperature in Guizhou in 1988 before the mutation, mutation Guizhou cold winter, winter is obvious. After the abrupt abnormal warm years, Greenland, North America and the Pacific 500 hPa height field positive anomaly, the rest are negative anomalies, geopotential height anomalies in Eurasia is to "positive Negative positive "distribution; abnormal cold winter, in the Siberia area, Western Europe and North Atlantic and the North American height field shows obvious positive anomaly, the rest are negative anomalies in the eastern hemisphere, the geopotential height anomaly from west to East, from north to Nandu" negative positive "the negative situation. The distribution of winter temperature in Guizhou and the early autumn in the North Pacific, there is a significant correlation between the equatorial Pacific and East India Ocean SST. Abnormal warm year early autumn, the North Pacific (especially the Pacific Northwest) and India ocean (most significant) SST anomaly was abnormal; the cold winter period in autumn, the northern hemisphere Middle East Pacific (most significant) and in India Ocean SST anomaly is significant. At the same time, the abnormal cold and warm winter SSTA difference center in the northeast Pacific and the southern hemisphere in India ocean.

【作者单位】：贵州省气候中心;中国气象局干部培训学院;六盘水市气象局;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41575091) 国家重大科学研究计划项目(2012CB957803) 中国清洁发展机制基金赠款项目(2013031) 黔科合院士站(20144010) 黔科合SY字(20113091)
【分类号】：P423;P732.6
【正文快照】： DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.001221引言作为对全球气候变暖较为敏感的季节,冬季气候的显著变暖给自然生态系统和社会经济带来的影响越演越烈。冬季温度偏高使得越冬害虫的存活率上升,给农业生产等带来的不利影响逐渐加深(张润杰和何新凤,1997);冬季温度偏低使工农业生

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