基于卫星遥感和现场观测的黑潮延伸区中尺度涡旋研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 07:10

本文关键词：基于卫星遥感和现场观测的黑潮延伸区中尺度涡旋研究　出处：《中国科学院大学(中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所)》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：黑潮延伸区海域(25oN-45oN和130oE-180oE)是世界上最活跃的海域之一。中尺度涡分别从黑潮延伸体的南边和北边剥落,与当地复杂的海洋峰以及来自副热带和副极地海域的中尺度涡相互作用。黑潮延伸区海域的这些中尺度涡促进了北太平洋海域热量和盐度的纬向传输,影响着黑潮路径的变异、局部海域的水文环境、水团的形成、海洋生态、渔业甚至暴风雨的路径等。因此,系统地开展关于黑潮延伸区海域中尺度涡的研究不仅对理解西北太平洋中物质和能量的平衡问题有着重要意义,也对其他西边界流海域中尺度现象的研究有启示作用。本文基于卫星遥感数据和Argo浮标数据,对黑潮延伸区海域中尺度涡的统计属性、传播特征、三维结构、输运作用以及日本南部四国环流涡旋(SRG)海域附近的一种特殊类型的中尺度涡——模态水中尺度涡(ACME)的属性和产生机制等问题进行了系统的研究,论文的主要研究工作和成果如下:(1)在黑潮延伸区海域比较了两种涡旋自动提取算法——FAG算法和NEN算法。证实了FAG算法能提取到更多的寿命较长的涡旋,有利于涡旋的自动跟踪;并基于FAG算法制作了黑潮延伸区海域涡旋的数据集。(2)联合海表面高度异常(SLA),海表面温度(SST)和海表面盐度(SSS)卫星数据,提取了涡旋的海表面信号,并发现相对于涡旋的SLA信号,涡旋的SST和SSS信号向西偏移。而且,这种不对称性,涡旋SST数据相较于SSS数据更明显,反气旋涡相较于气旋涡更明显,黑潮延伸区以南的涡旋相较于以北的涡旋更明显。(3)联合现场实测数据,分析了涡旋的垂直结构和空间变异。发现黑潮延伸区以南(以北)海域的涡旋在水下(近海表面)深度上有强化的温度和盐度异常。(4)在拉格朗日坐标系下,提出了一种基于涡旋运动轨迹和三维结构的计算由涡旋运动造成的热量和盐度传输的新方法,有效抑制了Argo浮标采样数不足的问题。研究区内涡旋的纬向热量(等价淡水)输送大约为0.01 PW(103 m3/s)。涡旋热量输送的散度在黑潮延伸体以南和以北的海域分别造成海洋热量的损失和获取,表明有穿过黑潮延伸体向北的热量输送。(5)基于卫星高度计和Argo浮标数据,本文发现日本南部SRG附近反气旋涡在海表层(海表面到水下100 m的深度)表现出明显的冷信号,而这与常见的暖核反气旋涡的规律不符。通过分析该海域反气旋涡的垂直温盐结构、核内的海表面温度异常(SSTA)的统计分布以及SSTA与涡旋幅度的关系,证实了该海域附近的反气旋涡实际上以ACME为主。反气旋涡的融合过程以及冬天海洋的对流活动是促进ACME形成的两个重要因素。在寒冷的季节,混合层的深度在ACME中相较于在气旋涡和涡旋外的水体内要深,意味着ACME为北太平洋副热带模态水的形成创造了良好的环境条件。局地特殊的地形和特定的水文环境(SRG的存在)共同帮助吸引反气旋涡,使得反气旋涡融合的频率更高,模态水中尺度涡的产生也更有效。
[Abstract]:Kuroshio extension region (25oN-45oN and 130oE-180oE) is one of the most active areas in the world. The mesoscale eddies in the South and north respectively extend body peeling off from the Kuroshio, and local peak and the complex ocean from subtropical and subpolar waters of the mesoscale vortex interaction. The Kuroshio extension of these mesoscale eddies in the extension area to promote the heat and salinity of the North Pacific Ocean zonal transport, affecting the variation of the Kuroshio path, the hydrological environment of local waters, water mass formation, marine ecology, fisheries and the path of the storm. Therefore, the system research on the mesoscale eddies in the Kuroshio extension region has important significance not only for understanding the material balance and the energy in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, but also to study the scale phenomenon in other western boundary current. The implications of the satellite remote sensing data and Argo buoy data based on the extension of black tide The three-dimensional structure of the statistical properties, the sea area of mesoscale eddies in the propagation characteristics, transport effect and southern Japan circulation vortex (SRG) near the sea as a special type of mesoscale eddy - water vortex mode (ACME) to study systematically the problems of the properties and mechanism of the main research. The work and results are as follows: (1) in the Kuroshio extension region compared with two kinds of vortex automatic extraction algorithm - FAG algorithm and NEN algorithm. FAG algorithm can extract confirmed to the scroll long life more, with automatic tracking to scroll; and FAG algorithm made the Kuroshio extension region vortex based on the data set. (2) combined with sea surface height anomaly (SLA), sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface salinity (SSS) satellite data, extracting sea surface vortex signal, and compared with that of the SLA signal of vortex, vortex SST and SSS signal Xiang Xipian Shift. Moreover, this asymmetry, vortex SST data compared with SSS data is more obvious, the anticyclonic vortex gas compared to the more obvious, the Kuroshio extension region in the South compared to the north of the vortex vortex is more obvious. (3) combined with the field test data, analysis of the vertical structure and the spatial variability of the vortex. The Kuroshio extension region to the South (North) Sea vortex in the water depth (offshore surface) have enhanced temperature and salinity anomalies. (4) in the Lagrange coordinate system, this paper presents a new method for calculating the vortex trajectory and 3D structure based on vortex motion caused by heat and salinity transport. The problem of insufficient number of effective suppression of sampling Argo buoy. In the research area of vortex zonal heat (water equivalent) delivery of approximately 0.01 PW (103 m3/s). The divergence of eddy heat transport in the Kuroshio extension to the north and south of the sea were made into ocean heat loss And get that, feed through the Kuroshio extension northward heat. (5) based on the Argo satellite altimeter and buoy data, this paper found in southern Japan near SRG anticyclonic eddy in the sea surface (sea surface below the water depth of 100 m) showed a clear signal that cold, and often see the warm core the law does not match the anticyclonic eddy. Through the analysis of the vertical structure of temperature and salinity in the anticyclonic eddy, the sea surface temperature anomaly in the nucleus (SSTA) of the statistical distribution and the relationship between SSTA and the amplitude of the vortex, confirmed the waters near the anticyclonic eddy actually dominated by ACME. The fusion process of anticyclonic vortex and the convection the ocean is the winter activities to promote the two important factors for the formation of ACME. In the cold season, the depth of the mixed layer in the ACME compared to the cyclone vortex and the vortex in the outer body of water to deep, mean ACME for the North Pacific subtropical mode water formation created Good environmental conditions, local special topography and specific hydrologic environment (SRG) help to attract anti gas vortices, making the fusion frequency of anticyclonic vortex higher and the generation of modal vortex in water is more effective.

【学位授予单位】：中国科学院大学(中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P731.2

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