太阳能增湿除湿海水淡化系统性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 17:05

本文关键词：太阳能增湿除湿海水淡化系统性能研究　出处：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：海水淡化技术是近年来解决全球淡水危机的主要方法之一。传统大型海水淡化技术不能切实解决边远、区域分散地区的淡水紧缺问题,且离不开化石燃料的使用,使其对燃料、电等价格敏感的同时也对环境造成污染。增湿除湿(HDH)海水淡化技术简单、适用于小型分散化装置,其装置运行稳健、维护费用低、能应用于高盐度海水,是非常有前景的小型化海水淡化技术之一。本文以太阳能增湿除湿海水淡化系统作为研究对象,介绍了增湿除湿海水淡化技术的原理及分类,总结了国内外太阳能增湿除湿海水淡化技术的研究进展及现状。在此基础上,根据质量及能量平衡,建立了太阳能增湿除湿海水淡化系统的物理、数学模型,其中包括太阳能集热器系统、储热油箱系统、增湿除湿系统及换热器系统四个子系统的数学模型,并用MATLAB语言对系统数学模型进行编程及求解。本文以大连地区9月15日和12月10日的太阳能辐射条件为例,详细分析了一至三效系统的运行工况。通过分析系统运行参数的变化可知,系统运行时可以通过调节增湿器入口海水质量流量、入口空气质量流量来控制增湿器入口海水温度、入口空气温度在恒定值,使得系统实现运行。本文分析对比了9月15日一至三效增湿除湿海水淡化系统的热力性能。二效系统的造水比、日单位集热面积产水量较高,单位产水量换热面积最小,系统回收率最高,相对一效、三效系统,两效系统性能较优。研究了两效系统中各效增湿器入口海水温度、入口空气温度、集热器面积等因素对系统性能的影响。在本文计算条件下,增湿器入口海水温度升高系统造水比、日单位集热面积产水量先升高后降低,系统回收率升高；一效增湿器入口空气温度升高系统造水比、日单位集热面积产水量升高,系统回收率降低；二效增湿器入口空气温度升高系统造水比、日单位集热面积产水量降低,系统回收率降低；系统集热器面积增大系统造水比、日单位集热面积产水量增大,系统回收率升高。增湿器入口海水温度与入口空气温度有一个最佳匹配值,使得系统造水比、系统日单位集热面积产水量达到最大,且当增湿器入口空气温度越高时,与其匹配的最佳增湿器入口海水温度也越高。在本文计算条件下,两效系统造水比最大值达到3.3,日单位集热面积最大值达到7.86kg/m2/d;系统造水比变化受增湿器入口海水温度、入口空气温度变化影响较大,受集热器面积变化影响较小；系统日单位集热面积产水量受增湿器入口海水温度变化影响最大,受集热器面积变化影响最小；系统回收率受增湿器入口海水温度变化影响最大,受集热器面积变化影响最小。本文所研究的两效系统在最佳运行状态时,系统日单位集热面积产水量较高,且造水比较其他文献给出的最高结果高6.5%,具有一定的优越性。
[Abstract]:Seawater desalination technology is one of the main methods to solve the global water crisis in recent years. The traditional seawater desalination technology can effectively solve the remote and scattered areas of fresh water shortage area, and cannot do without the use of fossil fuels, the fuels, electricity price sensitive at the same time also cause pollution to the environment (humidification dehumidification. HDH) seawater desalination technology is simple, suitable for small decentralized device, the device runs steady, low maintenance cost, can be used in high salinity seawater, seawater is small very promising. The solar desalination technology of humidification dehumidification desalination system as the research object, introduces the principle and classification of humidification dehumidification desalination technology, summarizes the domestic and foreign solar humidification dehumidification desalination technology research progress and status quo. On this basis, according to the quality and energy balance, established solar humidification dehumidification Seawater desalination system physics, mathematical model, including the solar collector system, heat storage tank system, the mathematical model of humidification dehumidification system and heat exchanger system of four subsystems, and the mathematic model of the system is programmed and solved by MATLAB language. Based on the solar radiation conditions in September 15th and December 10th for the Dalian region an example, a detailed analysis of the operation condition of the one to three efficiency system. Through the analysis of changes of system parameters, system can adjust the water mass flow entrance entrance humidifier, air mass flow control humidifier entrance water temperature, entrance air temperature at a constant value, which makes the system achieve operation. This paper analyzed and compared the September 15th one to three effectively increases the thermal performance of wet dehumidification desalination system. Togor two efficiency system, unit collector area of high water production, water production unit heat exchanger The smallest system, the highest recovery rate, relative effect, three effect, two effect system performance is better. Two effect in the effect of seawater temperature on the humidifier entrance entrance, air temperature, collector area and other factors on the performance of the system. In this paper the calculation conditions, humidifier entrance water temperature increase system togor, unit collector area of water production increased first and then decreased, the recovery rate of the system increased; a humidifier air temperature system entrance effect togor, unit collector area of water production increased, the system recovery rate decreased; two. Humidifier entrance air temperature system togor, Japan the unit collector area of water production decreased, system recovery and reduce system; collector area increase system togor, unit collector area of water production increases, the recovery rate increased. The humidifier system entrance seawater temperature and the air temperature has an entrance The best matching value, which makes the system togor, system unit collector area of water production reached the maximum, and when the humidifier air entrance temperature is high, the best temperature humidifier matched entrance seawater is also higher. In this paper calculation conditions, two efficiency system togor reached maximum value 3.3, unit heat collection the area reached the maximum value of 7.86kg/m2/d system; togor changes by seawater temperature affect the humidifier entrance, entrance air temperature change, the smaller effect of heat exchanger area change; system unit collector area of water by sea water temperature changes affect the humidifier entrance, the change in the heat exchanger area affect the minimum recovery rate by the system; humidifier entrance water temperature variation affected by changes in heat exchanger area. This paper studies the influence of minimum two efficiency system in the best running state, the system unit collector area of water production Compared with other literature, the highest result of water making is 6.5%, which has some advantages.

【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P747

【参考文献】